Epidermal carcinoma

Chronic exposure of rats to 1 or 12 ppm 6 hours/day, 5 days/week for 2 years caused an increased incidence of rhinitis, squamous metaplasia, and epidermal carcinomas of the nasal cavity. The lARC has determined that there is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of PGE in animals and that it is possibly carcinogenic to humans. ... 

HKI-272 has shown activity in animal models daily doses of 40 mg/kg result in greater than 75% tumor growth inhibition in xenograft models of both BT-474 breast carcinoma and A431 epidermal carcinoma [93]. Reports of the phase I evaluation of HKI-272 are not yet available. 

Chan WH, Yu JS. 2000. Inhibition of UV irradiation-induced oxidative stress and apoptotic biochemical changes in human epidermal carcinoma A431 cells by genistein. J Cell Biochem 78 73-84. 

Figure 6 Human epidermal carcinoma cells growing on squares of oligopeptides possessing a cell-adhesion motif, arranged in a T-shaped pattern (reprinted from ref 69, with permission from Elsevier Science)...

Folate-PEG DOX Amide In vivo in human epidermal carcinoma KB cells ... 

Carcinogenic potential of ammonia by the inhalation route has not been assessed in humans or animals. One case report was found of a white male who developed epidermal carcinoma of the nasal septum 6 months after being badly burned by accidental contact with a refrigeration ammonia-oil mixture (Shimkin et al. 1954). If ammonia played a role in the development of this cancer, it was most likely due to dermal exposure, not inhalation, since the substance was oily. However, some of the ammonia was probably inhaled into the nasal vestibule and absorbed into nasal mucous. No other such reports were located, although other cases of inhalation exposure to ammonia from spills have been followed for more than 6 months after exposure. One of 10 adult male mice exposed to ammonia gas for 15 minutes/day 6 days/week for 8 weeks had mitotic figures with an intact basement membrane and a carcinoma in situ in one nostril and one mouse had an invasive adenocarcinoma of the nasal mucosa (Gaafar et al. 1992). 

Cytotoxicity is denoted by inhibition of human epidermal carcinoma (KB-16), human lung adenocarcinoma (A549), human colon carcinoma (HT-29), and murine lymphocytic leukemia (P-388) cells at half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of pg/mL. bFor the cell lines tested, an IC50 value of <4 pg/mL is regarded as active. 

According to Klehr (1984), German workers involved in the dismantling of a sulfur mustard facility developed multiple skin lesions including basal cell carcinomas, Bowen s disease, and carcinoma spinocellulare (a histological characterization of an epidermal carcinoma). The incidence rate for all tumors, including skin tumors, was 34% in 53 workers evaluated. 

Overexpression of P-glycoprotein associated with multidrug resistance represents a serious problem in cancer treatment. Evaluation of catechins, fla-vonoids, isoflavonoids, and anthocyanins effects on multidrug-resistant human epidermal carcinoma cells has demonstrated that catechins and antho-cyanidins are most effective inhibitors of P-gp overexpression. It was observed that hydrophobicity enhances planar flavonoids inhibitory effects without affecting nonplanar flavanols activity that significantly depended on their chemical structure [119]. 

Two cyclometallated iridium(III) complexes were developed by Li et ah, one showing increased luminescence in the solid state. This feature was exploited by inserting the complex into polymer nanoparticles and visualised in epidermal carcinoma (KB) cells. Furthermore, an exciting development towards multimodal imaging and with theranostic potential was carried out by Hsiao et al. using multi-purpose silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles functionalised with an iridium complex for MRI, in vitro phosphorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy." ... 

Yuan ED, Liu BG, Ning ZX, Chen CG (2009) Preparative separation of llavonoids in Adinandra nitida leaves by high-speed counter-current chromatography and their effects on human epidermal carcinoma cancer cells. Food Chem 115 1158-1163... 

Quercetin Citrus fruits, apples, onions, parsley, tea, and red wine Potent antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antiallergic, anticancer, inhibits mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in human epidermal carcinoma cells, inhibits tumor growth [35-37]... 

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