Endothelial cell contact

K.L., 1998. Cytomegalovirus-infected endothelial cells recruit neutrophils by the secretion of C-X-C chemokines and transmit virus by direct neutrophil-endothelial cell contact and duringneutrophil transendothelial migration. J. Infect. Dis. 177, 1465-1474. 

In the cervix, HPV infects epithelial cells that lie under the mucosal membrane (see Figure HPV-4). The types most responsible for cervical cancer, HPV 16 and 18, make proteins that bind to two tumor suppressors, one of which is p53, which we saw in Chapter 24. This allows the endothelial cells to divide abnormally. Cancer occurs for reasons still not well understood when the abnormal endothelial cells contact the columnar cells. 

Vestweber D Molecular mechanisms that control endothelial cell contacts. J Pathol 2000 190 281-291. 

Sauty A, Colvin RA, Wagner L et al. CXCR3 internalization following T cell-endothelial cell contact preferential role of IFN-inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant (CXCLll). J Immunol 2001 ... 

The classical skin response to local release of histamine that results from contact with an allergen, irritant or following an insect bite. A central wheal develops as a direct result of local inflammation and the the oedema the follows the increased capillary permeability caused by histamine acting on HI-receptors on vascular-endothelial cells. 

At present, the activation of the extrinsic coagulation system is considered to be of more importance in the initiation of DIC than the activation of the contact system (LI2, Cl 3). The activation of the extrinsic system starts with the release of tissue factor (TF) from endothelial cells. TF is a macromolecule, composed of a protein and a lipid fraction, that is synthesized by endothelial cells and monocytes. TF... 

Yet another family of junction adhesion molecules (JAMs) was recently located at the tight junctions of both endothelial and epithelial cells. The intracellular domain of JAM-1 also interacts with structural and signaling proteins, such as ZO-1 and cingulin. Lastly, the molecular organization of the endothelial cell junctions includes two other cell-cell contact Ca2+-dependent cadherin-catenin systems. These make up the adherens junction common to all endothelial cell junctions. 

McHale, J.F., et al., Vascular endothelial cell expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 at the onset of eliciting contact hypersensitivity in mice evidence for a dominant role of TNF-a. J. Immunol, 162,1648-1655, 1999. 

One TIRF study found that some membrane proteins behave just oppositely to AChR they avoid the cell/substrate contact regions/ 1 When endothelial cells are grown on a bare glass surface or are brought into suspension, a specific membrane protein marked with antibodies appears all over the cell surface, as evidenced by epi-illumination and TIRF. However, when the cells are grown on (or returned to) a surface coated with their own extracellular matrix material, the protein disappears from the basal (cell/substrate-contacting) side of the cells. 

HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS ALWAYS EMERGE AT THE CONTACT OE ENDOTHELIAL CELLS, BOTH IN THE YOLK SAC AND THEN IN EMBRYO PROPER... 

The end-feet of astrocytes are in very close contact with the endothelial cells, so that they are interposed between the capillaries and the extracellular space in fact 90% of the capillary surface is covered with astrocyte feet (Figure 14.15). 

The recruitment and migration of leucocytes into inflamed tissues is a carefully orchestrated process (Figure 7.1). It consists of sequential steps mediated by different families of adhesion molecules expressed by both the leucocytes and the endothelial cells at the site of inflammation [4]. Of these adhesion molecules, the selectin family mediates the initial contact and subsequent rolling of the leucocyte on the endothelium. It consists of three members, i.e. E- (endothelial), P- (platelet) and L- (leucocyte) selectin. Activated endothelial cells express E- and P-selectin. P-selectm is also expressed on platelets, whereas L-selectin is only expressed on subsets of leucocytes [5]. 

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