EMBASE

UltraLinks are not limited to unzoned text. They can be generated specifically on titles, abstract, full text publications, graphs, and chemical structures. Figure 31.3D shows a record from Medline-Embase where the abstract... 

Figure 31.3 D. Annotated record from Medline-Embase.

A search of Medline, EMBASE and PsycLIT was conducted in August 2000, using the following terms Amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, sertindole, zotepine, ziprasidone, economics, healthcare, costs. All manufacturers of atypical antipsychotic drugs were contacted in April 2000 and asked to supply primary reference data on their product, and all companies had complied with this request by August 2000. A further manual search was conducted of files and journals kept in the National Centre for Information on Psychotropics at the Maudsley Hospital. Reference sections from all retrieved papers were scrutinized for further relevant references. 

EMBASE. EM BASE [19], the Excerpta Medica database, is a biomedical and pharmacological bibliographical database that provides access to medical and drug-related subjects from over 4000... 

In the case of relevant worldwide scientific literature, the clock starts with awareness of the publication by any personnel of the marketing authorisation holder the marketing authorisation holder is expected to maintain awareness of possible publications by accessing a widely used systematic literature review and reference database, such as Medline, Excerpta Medica or Embase, no less frequently than once a week, or by making formal contractual arrangements with a second party to perform this task marketing authorisation holders are also expected to ensure that relevant publications in each Member State are appropriately reviewed. 

To ensure coverage of a broad spectrum of journals containing both original and review articles, bibliography databases, such as CAB abstracts, BIDS ISI and Embase, Medline and Current Contents Agriculture and Food Citation index, were searched. Terms used for all database searches were kept simple to limit the risk of missing any original publications (Table 4.5). Initially, each flavonoid subclass was entered and then cross-searched with the... 

EMBASE Elsevier Science Publishers BRS, Data-Star, Dialog, STN biomedicine, human medicine... 

EMBASE 2,999,200 June 1974-present EXCERPTA MEDICA Abstracts and citations of articles from over 4,000 biomedical journals published throughout the world. Covers entire field of human medicine and related disciplines... 

Clinical studies Includes published studies and case reports describing the use of the drug(s) in patients with various types of liver disease Includes paediatric studies where available Reference 5 and Medline/Embase searches... 

This information may be gleaned from specialized ADR resources, texts, and other tertiary sources, including the FDA-approved product label. However, this information must often be augmented using additional data from secondary sources. At minimum, this should include searches of the bibliographic databases from the National Library of Medicine (Medline and Toxnet) and Excerpta Medica (Embase). 

Databases. Sites such as Bath Information and Data Services (BIDS) and web of Science (WOS) provide access to abstracts of recent publications use these to find relevant literature for specific topics. Access is via the websites at http //www.bids.ac.uk/ or http //www.webofscience.com you will need a username and password - check with your department or library. In the case of BIDS, it provides access to databases covering subjects from science, engineering and medicine to economics, politics, education and the arts. Specific databases offered include ISI citation indexes EMBASE (international biomedical information) INSPEC (physics, electronic engineering and computing) international bibliography of the social sciences (IBSS) The Royal Society of Chemistry databases and education databases. See also Table 46.2. 

EMBASE is the electronic form of Excerpta Medica, from the publisher Elsevier Science. It contains indexed articles from more than 4000 biomedical journals from 119 countries, although again the English language dominates. EMBASE is stronger on European and Far Eastern literature than MEDLINE. Books were also included from 1975 to 1980. The database goes back to 1974 and is updated weekly. 

The generic name, the standard being the WHO International Non-proprietary Name, is the first choice of the EMBASE indexers and for combination preparations the brand name is preferred. However, EMBASE allows drugs to be indexed under numerous names, more so than MEDLINE, and even includes the name of the manufacturer if it is in the original article. EMBASE concentrates more on the pharmacological and toxicological aspects of the biomedical literature than MEDLINE. 

International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, available electronically from 1970, from the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, may only index around 800 journal titles but, as its name suggests, it specializes in pharmacy literature from around the world. A study by Bonnie Snow found that 12% of IPA s journals were not covered by MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS Previews, or Chemical Abstracts. IPA has also indexed ASHP meetings since 1988, meetings of the American Association of College Pharmacists and the American Pharmacy Association. All records have abstracts. 

The life sciences remit of BIOSIS means that it covers a wider range of scientific subjects than MEDLINE or EMBASE and has a focus on research rather than clinical practice. As a result, it is good for finding literature on early drug development. 

Brown, C.M. The benefits of searching EMBASE versus MEDLINE for pharmaceutical information. Online and CD-ROM Rev. 1998, 22 (1), 3-8. 

Contains more than 15 million records covering the world s biomedical literature related to human health and medicine. Environmental pollution and health, occupational health, and clinical toxicology are strong areas. Corresponds in part to 46 specialty abstract journals and two literature indexes produced under the Excerpta Medica specialty series titles by Elsevier Science. (CDP, Data-Star, DIALOG, DIMDI, OVID, STN entire database and sections in composite discs available from Silver Platter and DIALOG online at http //www.embase.com). 

This database contains current, full-text information from the last 12 years of Meyler s Side Effects of Drugs, published every 4 years Side Effects of Drugs Annual, published every year in between and Mar-ler s Pharmacological Chemical Synonyms. It also contains citations and abstracts from EMBASE (Files 71, 73) that have been referenced by the Meyler s texts. Produced by Elsevier Science (Data-Star, DIALOG, DIMDI available on CD-ROM from Elsevier). 

The PolTox series from Silver Platter, Inc., provides information on pollution and toxicology. PolTox I contains Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts, Ecology Abstracts, Food Science and Technology Abstracts, Health and Safety Science Abstracts, Pollution Abstracts, RISKLINE, Toxicology Abstracts, and all of TOXLINE. PolTox II contains information derived from EMBASE and PolTox III information from the CAB Abstracts database. 

This study however, was hmited by its open-labeled study design. The effect of rivastigmine on neuropsychiatric symptoms and behavioral disturbance related to Alzheimer s disease was looked at by Grossberg using hterature searches published on MEDLINE and EMBASE. The result of the searches suggest that there seems to be some evidence that rivastigmine can also help with neuropsychiatric and behavioral symptoms associated with Alzheimer s disease [44],... 

EMBASE Pollution and Toxicology. U.K. Elsevier. Abstracts and citations for over 4000 biomedical journals from last ten years. Also available through other aggregate database providers. 

EMBASE . [database online] 1974-. Amsterdam Elsevier. Weekly. The online version of Excerpta Medica, providing worldwide coverage in the area of human medicine. EMBASE includes citations from approximately 4000 journals, 350 of... 

EMBASE 1974-. Amsterdam Elsevier. Weekly. The online version of Excerpta Medica, providing worldwide coverage in the area of human medicine. EMBASE includes citations from approximately 4000 journals, 350 of which are specially screened for drug-related articles. All articles are added to the database within 15 days after receipt of the original journal, and English language abstracts are provided for 80% of all citations. A key feature of the database is the EMTREE thesaurus, providing a controlled search vocabulary of over... 

EMBASE 1974-. Netherlands, Amsterdam Elsevier Science BV. Weekly. EMBASE added the descriptor pharmacoeco-nomics (synonyms economics, pharmaceutical, and pharma-coeconomic-analysis) to their EMTREE vocabulary in 1995. EMTREE equivalent code N4-680, N7-680. 

MEDLINE database, known as PubMed on the NLM platform, is available free worldwide, and is considered the premier source for searching the clinical medical literature back to 1966. Embase is the other key clinical database, produced by Elsevier and known for its international scope and exceptional coverage of the drug literature. 

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