Effervescent tablets drugs

Oral 75, 150, 300 mg tablets 150 mg effervescent tablets 150, 300 mg capsules 15 mg/mL syrup Parenteral 1.0, 25 mg/mL for injection Selected Anticholinergic Drugs Atropine (generic)... 

Effervescent tablets as well as effervescent granules and powders are mentioned in the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.), although it does not contain any monographs regarding specific drugs. ... 

The disintegration and dissolution times are very important characteristics of effervescent products. A well-formulated effervescent tablet will disintegrate and dissolve within 1-2 min to form a clear solution. Consequently, the residue of undissolved drug must be minimal. The temperature of the water influences the dissolution time. It is, therefore, important to choose a water temperature that is actually used by consumers (e.g., cold tap water). Ph. Eur. includes a general requirement on disintegration time of 5 min in water 15-25°C.t ... 

David, S.T. Galhan, C.E. The effect of environmental moisture and temperature on the physical stability of effervescent tablets in foil laminate package containing minute imperfections. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 1986,12, 2541-2550. 

Citric acid (as either the monohydrate or anhydrous material) is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations and food products, primarily to adjust the pH of solutions. It has also been used experimentally to adjust the pH of tablet matrices in enteric-coated formulations for colon-specific drug delivery. Citric acid monohydrate is used in the preparation of effervescent granules, while anhydrous citric acid is widely used in the preparation of effervescent tablets.Citric acid has also been... 

Yanze FM, Duru C, Jacob M. A process to produce effervescent tablets fluidized bed dryer melt granulation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2000 26(11) 1167-1176. 

Fumaric acid has been investigated as a lubricant for effervescent tablets and copolymers of fumaric acid and sebacic acid have been investigated as bioadhesive micro-spheres. " It has been used in film-coated pellet formulations as an acidifying agent and also to increase drug solubility. ... 

Schmidt PC, Christin I. [Effervescent tablets—a nearly forgotten drug form]. Pharmazie 1990 Feb 45(2) 89-101. 

The exclusive use of aspirin is as a medicine. It has three important properties as a drug. It relieves pain, reduces inflammation, and reduces fever. In addition to its effectiveness in treating these medical symptoms, it is inexpensive and available in a variety of forms, including chewable tablets, extended-release formulations, effervescent tablets, and even in chewing gums. Aspirin is often prescribed in low, daily doses as a preventative measure for individuals at risk for heart attack and stroke. 

Precipitated calcium carbonate occurs as line, white, odorless, and tasteless powder or crystals. Its water solubility is very poor, and it is not soluble in ethanol or isopropanol. It is a high density powder, and thus not suitable for compression. It is normally used as a drug in effervescent tablets for patients who suffer from calcium deficiency. It can also be used as alkaline source because it provides stability to the effervescent system (16). 

Several researchers had found that the bioavailability of aspirin from effervescence tablet was higher than conventional or enteric-coated tablets (32-34). The reasons for this included the dramatic disintegration rate of the tablets that enabled rapid release of the drug particles for dissolution and the increase in gastric emptying rate. 

Buccal dosage forms can be of the tablet, patch, gel, or ointment type and can be employed for local or systemic delivery. For local deliveiy, conventional dosage forms such as solutions and various types of tablets (immediate release, effervescent, etc.) are more suitable. These forms generally have uncontrolled drug release with subsequent variable absorption and short residence times, and may not provide sufficient bioavailability. Novel dosage forms such as adhesive tablets, patches, gels, and... 

Analytical Procedure Microscopic Examination Place a small amount of a crushed tablet or capsule contents on a slide, mix with a drop of water, and cover carefully with a cover-slip avoiding trapped air bubbles. Observe under low-power magnification. Effervescence will be obvious. If crystalline material is visible, note if it is water-soluble. Check the pH of the solution. An alkaline reaction may indicate the presence of a sodium salt of an acidic drug. Introduce a small drop of silver nitrate solution along one edge of the cover-slip a visible precipitate indicates the possible presence of a hydrochloride salt of a basic drug. 

Tablets manufactured with OraSolv technology should contain an effervescence couple along with microparticles of drug within a rupturable coat. The tablets manufactured are compressed at a low hardness that promotes fast disintegration. The dosage forms need to be packaged in foil-foil aluminum blisters with a dome shape that impact physical protection and impermeability to moisture. This constitutes the PakSolv Techonology. ...

Tablets manufactured with DuraSolv technology contain a non-directly compressible filler and a lubricant. They may or may not contain effervescence, and the drug need not be taste masked. DuraSolv tablets are compressed at higher hardness compared to OraSolv that allows for packaging in bottles or push through blisters.

A multiparticulate drug delivery technology for producing CR and taste masked preparations such as liquids, suspensions, effervescent and chewable tablets, reconstitutable powders, and unit dose sachet or sprinkle systems. 

The other class of reservoir-type pulsatile systems is based on rupturable coatings in contrast to the swella-ble/erodible layers of the previous section. The drug is released from a core (tablet or capsule) after rupturing of a surrormding polymer layer, caused by a pressure build-up within the system. The pressure necessary to rupture the coating can be achieved with gas-producing effervescent excipients, an increased inner osmotic... 

Excipients such as mannitol can affect small intestinal transit, which in turn can affect the absorption of certain drugs. Oral solutions are rarely likely to fall short of bioequivalence relative to solid oral formulations, although during the development of a ranitidine effervescent oral solution dosage form containing sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP), a marked decrease in absorption was observed in the extent of ranitidine absorption from the liquid formulation relative to the conventional oral tablet. The formulation contained 150 mg ranitidine with 1132 mg SAPP together with 1.5 MBq hndium chloride solutions. Small intestinal transit time was decreased to 56% in the presence of the excipient. The rapid small intestinal transit associated with an excipient of a solution dosage form resulted in a decreased extent of ranitidine absorption. " ... 

Tablets may also be prepared with sodium bicarbonate alone since the acid of gastric fluid is sufficient to cause effervescence and disintegration. Sodium bicarbonate is also used in tablet formulations to buffer drug molecules that are weak acids, thereby increasing the rate of tablet dissolution and reducing gastric irritation. ...

---