Melt granulation

Schaefer, T., Holm, P., and Kristensen, H. G., Melt Granulation in a Laboratory Scale High Shear Mixer, Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 16(8) 1249-1277 (1990)... 

Fig. 1 DSC thermogram of LDPE directly (flakes), after washing and melting (granulates) and processing (bags)...

Use of a Pipe Reactor (Melt Granulation). A more recent development that has been adopted in most U.S. granulation plants involves the substitution of a pipe reactor or a pipe-cross reactor for the preneutralizer vessel as the locale for the ammonia-acid... 

Exothermic Crystallization Precipitation Solidification Adsorption Solvent vapor induced crystallization of amorphous excipients Formation of salt forms of drug substances Melt granulation with semisolid excipients Solvent vapor sorption by drug substances... 

Bile Acids, Sterols, and Steryl Esters Many of these compounds have high melting points, making them unsuitable for melt applications. Exceptions are the salicylic acid-cholic acid system formed by a melt-granulation technique reported by Froemming and Vetter.f The system provided a sustained release in acid media (pH 1-3.5). 

Hydrogenated Vegetable Oils These primarily consist of the family of stearines. Hydrogenated castor oil (Cutina HR ) has been used as a wax matrix material both in melt-granulation and spray-congealing processes.f ... 

Evrard, B. Amighi, K. Beten, D. Delattre, L. Moes, A.J. Influence of melting and rheological properties of fatty binders on the melt granulation process in a high-shear mixer. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 1999, 25 (11), 1177-1184. 

The melt processes require at least a meltable material in the manufacture of the solid dosage form. This article intends to address the influence of meltable materials on the processes of melt pelletization, melt granulation, and tumbling melt granulation. Approaches to meet the processing attributes of the meltable materials for these melt agglomeration processes, via spray congealing, are discussed. 

Maejima, T. Osawa, T. Nakajima, K. Kobayashi, M. Preparation of spherical beads without any use of solvents by a novel tumbling melt granulation (TMG) method. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1997, 45 (3), 518-524. 

Matrix minitablets based on starch/microcrystalline wax mixtures were prepared by melt granulation in a hot-stage screw extruder, followed by milling and compression.f This technique was preferred over the production of pellets. 

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