Enteric coated tablets

DIGESTIVE ENZYMES. When digestive enzymes are given in capsule or enteric-coated tablet form, the nurse... 

If the tablet has a coating (enteric-coated tablets), swallow it whole. Do not chew or crush the tablet. 

Neural networks have also been used in Slovenia, to model the release characteristics of diclofenac [52] in China, to study release of nifedipine and nomodipine [53] and in Yugoslavia to model the release of aspirin [54], More recently, work in this area has been extended to model osmotic pumps in China [55] and enteric coated tablets in Ireland [56],... 

Sulfasalazine Azulfidine Azulfidine Entabs Sulfazine Sulfazine EC Immediate-release or enteric-coated tablets 500 mg 2-6 g Colon... 

Syrup/suspension/ solution Extended-release/ enteric-coated tablets Faster rate of absorption 100% Delayed absorption 60-90% Faster rate of absorption Delayed absorption 89% of the suspension and less than regular-release tablets Unknown NA Faster rate of absorption than tablets Extended-release 90% of intravenous dose. Delayed-release 81-90% of intravenous dose Delayed absorption with delayed-release tablets valproate is rapidlyconverted to VPA in the stomach, then is rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the Gl tract NA NA... 

A drug should always be ingested with a cup of water ( 8 oz) to insure easy transit down the esophagus and to provide fluid for disintegration and dissolution. Whether or not the drug should be taken on an empty stomach (e.g., enteric-coated tablets) or with food will depend upon the specific drug as noted above. 

Enteric-coated tablets or capsules of garlic are better absorbed since an active ingredient, allicin, is acid labile. The tablets or capsules bypass the stomach and release their contents in the alkaline medium of the small intestine [4],... 

Garlic supplements - powder tablets or capsules, steam-distilled oil, vegetable oil macerate extract, or extract aged in dilute alcohol - are widely available and are taken by millions. Since the active principle, allicin, is not present in garlic bulb, the supplements rely on the presence of precursor alliin and enzyme alliinase. In tests on 24 commercial brands of enteric-coated tablets, all except one gave low dissolution allicin release 83% of the brands released less than 15% of their potential allicin.78,79 Relevant factors were impaired enzyme activity caused by excipients and slow tablet disintegration. Caveat emptor ... 

The enteric-coated tablet divalproex sodium causes fewer GI side effects. It is metabolized in the gut to valproic acid. When switching from Depakote to Depakote-ER, the dose should be increased by 14% to 20%. Depakote ER may be given once daily. 

These authors14 later report using the GC method for enteric coated tablets of erythromycin, giving a recovery of 99.8% and a coefficient of variation of 2.3% based on placebo tablets spiked with erythromycin. 

Enteric coated tablets are designed to resist the acidic environment in the stomach and release the medication in the small intestine. If such tablets are broken, their enteric properties may be lost. Therefore, do not break them. 

Figure 5 Magnetic moment images of an enteric-coated tablet containing a small amount of magnetized ferric oxide. Left-hand panel shows three sequences in a single volunteer viewed from the front. The right-hand panel shows the same sequences viewed from the top. (Courtesy of Prof. Dr. W. Weitschies.)...

The protection of a drug substance from the destructive influence of gastric acid after oral administration (such as enteric-coated tablets)... 

Duloxetine hydrochloride, a novel anti-depressive, is known to be acid labile and, consequently, it has been formulated as an enteric-coated tablet. Interestingly, Jansen et al. [97] subsequently found that the drug was destabilised by degradation products within these enteric polymers. The authors found that succinyl and phthalyl residues from the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) formed... 

Gl lesions Potassium chloride tablets have caused stenotic or ulcerative lesions of the small bowel and death. These lesions are caused by a concentration of potassium ion in the region of a rapidly dissolving tablet, which injures the bowel wall and produces obstruction, hemorrhage, or perforation. The reported frequency of small bowel lesions is much less with wax matrix tablets and microencapsulated tablets than with enteric coated tablets. Immediately discontinue either type of tablet and consider the possibility of bowel obstruction or perforation if severe vomiting. 

Absorption - Theophy ne is well absorbed from oral liquids and uncoated plain tablets maximal plasma concentrations are reached in 2 hours. Rectal absorption from suppositories is slow and erratic, the oral route is generally preferred. Enteric-coated tablets and some sustained-release dosage forms may be unreliably absorbed. 

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA enteric-coated tablets) Treatment of patients with RA who have responded inadequately to salicylates or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). 

Undisintegrated tablets Isolated instances have occurred where sulfasalazine enteric-coated tablets have passed undisintegrated. If this is observed, discontinue the administration of the drug immediately. 

Sodium valproate is converted to valproic acid in the intestine and the acid is absorbed. Absorption may be delayed by food or by enteric-coated tablets. Valproic acid has a low volume of distribution and high plasma protein binding. In the elderly there is a risk for increased free valproic acid concentrations requiring lower doses and plasma concentrations at the lower therapeutic range. However it should be realized that these plasma concentrations do not correlate very well with the therapeutic or toxic effects and careful observation for symptoms is mandatory. 

Aspirin is available as capsules, tablets, enteric-coated tablets (Ecotrin), timed-release tablets (ZORprin), buffered tablets Ascriptin, Bufferin), and as rectal suppositories. Sodium salicylate is available genericaUy. Other salicylates include choline salicylate (Arthropan), choline magnesium trisalicylate (Trilisate), and magnesium salicylate Momentum). 

Avoid use of compressed tablets or enteric-coated tablets (i.e., nonsustained release or effervescent tablets for sol) due to significant ulcerogenic tendency and propensity to cause significant local tissue destruction... 

Substances which form masses Aspirin, iron, lithium, enteric-coated tablets, meprobamate. 

Figure 11 Influence of inlet-air temperature and solids content of the coating suspension on enteric test performance of enteric-coated tablets.

Sustained release preparations of potassium chloride have been widely used to overcome the gastrointestinal side effects following medication with enteric coated tablets. Such formulation techniques delay the rate of absorption and produce a slow release of potassium chloride during the passage through the gastrointestinal tract [1,2]. 

The sodium salt of valproate is marketed in Europe as a tablet and is quite hygroscopic. In Central and South America, the magnesium salt is available, which is considerably less hygroscopic. The free acid of valproate was first marketed in the USA in a capsule containing corn oil the sodium salt is also available in syrup, primarily for pediatric use. An enteric-coated tablet of divalproex sodium is also marketed in the USA. This improved product, a 1 1 coordination compound of valproic acid and sodium valproate, is as bioavailable as the capsule but is absorbed much more slowly and is preferred by many patients. Peak concentrations following administration of the enteric-coated tablets are seen in 3-4 hours. Various extended-release preparations are available not all are bioequivalent and may require dosage adjustment. 

Oral 325, 650 mg enteric-coated tablets Sodium thiosalicylate (generic, Rexolate)... 

Oral (base) 250, 333, 500 mg enteric-coated tablets Oral (base) delayed-release 250 mg capsules, 500 mg tablets Oral (estolate) 125, 250 mg/5 mL suspension... 

Oral 500 mg tablets and delayed-release enteric-coated tablets Infliximab (Remicade)... 

Oral 5 mg enteric-coated tablets Rectal 5 mg, 10 mg suppositories Cascara sagrada (generic)... 

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