Disintegration time

Zerfall-warme, /. heat of decomposition or dissociation. -zeit, /. (nuclear) disintegration time, decay time. 

Figure 28.3 Fuzzy logic representation of the disintegration time of a tablet as Low or High.

Rocksloh K, Rapp F-R, Abu Abed S, Mueller W, Reher M, Gauglitz G, Schmidt PC. Optimization of crushing strength and disintegration time of a high dose plant extract tablet by neural networks. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 1999 25 1015-25. 

Fig. 9 Effect of starch concentration and location on tablet disintegration time. (From Ref. 54.)...

As a generalization, increasing compressional force will retard dispersion on administration, and therefore, levels should be kept as low as possible, consistent with achieving acceptable mechanical properties. With some excipients there is a critical compressional force range required to achieve minimum disintegration times. 

Within the realm of physical reality, and most important in pharmaceutical systems, the unconstrained optimization problem is almost nonexistent. There are always restrictions that the formulator wishes to place or must place on a system, and in pharmaceuticals, many of these restrictions are in competition. For example, it is unreasonable to assume, as just described, that the hardest tablet possible would also have the lowest compression and ejection forces and the fastest disintegration time and dissolution profile. It is sometimes necessary to trade off properties, that is, to sacrifice one characteristic for another. Thus, the primary objective may not be to optimize absolutely (i.e., a maxima or minima), but to realize an overall pre selected or desired result for each characteristic or parameter. Drug products are often developed by teaching an effective compromise between competing characteristics to achieve the best formulation and process within a given set of restrictions. 

Fig. 13 Contour plots for (a) disintegration time (b) tablet hardness (c) dissolution response (%) (d) tablet friability as a function of disintegrant level and compressional force. Dashed lines on ordinate denote limits of experimental range (—1.547 to + 1.547 eu see text for details).

S. Yamamura, F. Aida, Y. Momose, and E. Fukuoka, Analysis of mean disintegration time and mean dissolution time by moment analysis microcalorimetric curves, Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 26, 1 (2000). 

FIG. 7. Maximum axial disintegrating pressure vs. disintegration time of dicatcium phosphate and lactose tablets containing 2% super disintegrants. (O) Dicalcium phosphate r = 0.92, p < 0.05, significant correlation (A) Lactose r = 0.81, p < 0.05, significant correlation. (Replotted from Ref. 27). 

TABLE 2 Effect of Particle Size and Compression Pressure on Swelling Pressure and Disintegration Time ... 

Disintegranf Compression Pressure, (MPa) PartieleSize (pm) Swelling Pressure (kPa) Disintegration Time (s)... 

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