Education systems: British

The atomic concept developed differently in the various religions prevalent in ancient India. These views survived until after the British conquest in the 18th century when the educational system was revamped to emulate the British educational system. 

Griff, E. R. and S. F. Matter (2008) Early identification of at-risk students using a personal response system. British Journal of Educational Technology 39(6), 1124-1130. 

In summary, it is not fiJse to say that industry did not make very large demands for science graduates. Despite some notable exceptions—and E. K. Muspratt has been quoted earlier in this context—industries seem to have remained content with low technical input from trained personnel. Conversely, it is not false either to put the blame on British education or the lack of it. However, when science graduates finally appeared in large numbers, it was in response not to industry s demands, but rather to the needs of a quickly expanding educational system. Consequently, both accusations constitute half-truths at best. Each, by itself, does not resolve the problem at hand. 

The periodic law is a subset of chemistry, itself a subset of science education. First, the British education system will be briefly explained, since it is unreasonable to expect all readers to be aware of its special features and its changes over the years. ... 

Almost all commentators agree that there are two major features associated with the British education system and its treatment of and attitude towards engineering. The first is that engineering in industry... 

Dutch, British and French empires with modern ideas of sovereignty and bureaucracy. All Southeast Asians became aware of the claims and functions of modern statehood aristocrats were deprived of their arms and their slaves all were subjected to the monopoly of a single state system of laws, with origins far distant from them. This imposition of a new order was resisted passionately by some, in the name of dynastic pride (Burmese, Vietnamese, Acehnese, Balinese), nascent ethnie nationalism (Vietnamese, Acehnese, Batak, Javanese), or OSH-flavoured Islam (Tausug, Magindanao, Acehnese). Most however adapted quickly to the modern opportunities offered by the broader worlds they now entered. The new states were useful, and above all they were identified as modern by the new educated groups, but they remained for the most part alien and remote—as indeed they were intended to. 

The nearest thing to an international collection of dissertations is at the Biblioth ue Nationale, Paris. It is a very large one which is the result of an exchange system operated by the Ministry of Education of France. This collection, and the ones in the government libraries at Washington, D. C., the British Museum, and Oxford University, England, are the most important of the international but incomplete collections of dissertations... 

Eric Scerri studied chemistry at the Universities of London, Cambridge, and Southampton. He holds a Ph.D. in history and philosophy of science from King s College, London, where he wrote a thesis on the question of the reduction of chemistry to quantum mechanics. He has held several appointments in the United States, including a postdoctoral fellowship at Caltech, and is currently visiting professor in the chemistry department at Purdue University in Indiana. Scerri is the founder of the journal Foundations of Chemistry (http //www.wkap.nl/journals/foch), and has published extensively on the philosophy of chemistry in Synthese, the PSA proceedings. International Studies in Philosophy of Science, British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, and Erken-ntnis, as well as in American Scientist, Scientific American, the Journal of Chemical Education, and other chemistry journals. His research interests include philosophical and historical aspects of quantum chemistry and the periodic system, as well as general issues in philosophy of chemistry. 

The state of Kerala in southern India has shown how to control population growth, even though it is not wealthy.88 Its per capita income ( 300/yr) is 1/65 that of the United States. Its population of 30 million people lives in land about the size of Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Life expectancy is high. Infant mortality is low. The birth rate is lower, and the literacy rate higher, than in the United States. The state spends 60% of its budget on health and education. Women and men are treated equally under this system. It may also have old-age pensions. The secret to the control of population in developing nations appears to be to improve the social status of women and to focus on the satisfaction of basic human needs.89... 

Most of the best pickings in recent years could be found in English-language literature, e.g., in works on plasticity by N.F. Astbury or H.H. Macey, in the empirical works of F.J. Goodson [14] and, above all, in the educational film that H.R. Hodgkinson made for the British Ceramic Society in 1963 - a genuine classic [15]. I also consider Plasticity of Clay Water Systems [16] very useful as written by W.G. Lawrence for New York s Alfred University. 

Robert Fox and Anna Guagnini have drawn attention to the fact that from the 1890s the German system of advanced technical education was both larger and better financed than that of other European countries .It was the unprogressive attitude of British authorities in matters of technical education (which played a very limited part in the first industrial revolution, and was, therefore, somewhat overlooked thereafter), that deprived the country of the lead over its competitors that it had enjoyed during the initial phases of the synthetic dye industry. 

Such clear cut conclusions are invariably supported by the accounts of participants. On the British side these were often meant as warnings of the failure to invest in scientific education and basic research, and revise an inadequate patent system. This was the message of Raphael Meldola s 1886 lecture before the Society of Arts in London in which he advised his audience that a survey of British dye users had revealed that over eighty per cent of the colorants they employed were Made in Germany. ... 

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