Postdoctoral Fellowship

Although Onsager s first appointment at Yale was a postdoctoral fellowship, he had no doctorate. It disturbed him that everybody called him Dr. Oiisager, and he decided to seek the Ph.D. from Yale. He was told that any of his published works would do for the thesis, but he felt he should write something new, and he quickly submitted a lengthy dissertation on Mathieu functions. Both the Department of Chemistiy and the Department of Physics, found it difficult. The Department of Mathematics, however, was enthusiastic and was prepared to award the degree, whereupon the Department of Chemistiy did not hesitate m accepting the thesis. 

After completing a doctorate, he headed to Germany for a postdoctoral fellowship, then returned to Russia where he set about writing a book aimed at summarizing all of inorganic chemistry. It was while writing this book that he was forced to invent the organizing principle with which he is now invariably connected, namely the periodic system of the elements. 

Received May 13, 1965, G. M. Happ was supported by a National Institutes of Health Postdoctoral Fellowship (GM-11 873-01). Work assisted by Grant AI-02908 (National Institutes of Health). 

This manuscript was written during the tenure of a National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship awarded to F. P. Abramson for the academic year 1965-66. The authors also wish to acknowledge helpful discussions with their colleagues at the Aerospace Research Laboratories. 

Arnold M. Guloy was born in Manila, in the Philippines. After graduation from Manila Science High School, he studied chemistry and received his BS degree at the University of the Philippines, Quezon City. He received his Ph.D. in Inorganic Chemistry from Iowa State University under the supervision of Professor John D. Corbett in 1992. After an IBM Postdoctoral fellowship at the IBM Research Center at York-town Heights, he joined the faculty at the University of Houston in 1994, where he is currently an Associate Professor. He has over 70 publications with emphasis on exploratory research in solid state... 

Hancock received his B.A from Harvard and his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin in 1968. After a National Institutes of Health Postdoctoral Fellowship at Yale, he worked as assistant and associate professor in the chemistry department of the University of California—Davis from 1968 to 1979, where he taught graduate and undergraduate chemistry and did research in organic and organometallic photochemistry. His work opened a new field of study in organoboron photochemistry. 

Useful comments from Professor C.J. Willis of the Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario are gratefully acknowledged. Assistance in the form of a grant to K.M.B. from the NSERC (Canada) and a NATO Postdoctoral fellowship to W.G.S. is also acknowledged. 

MR, JA and YT are supported by the Medical Research Council, TK by a JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research Abroad and DT by a Hitchings-Elion Award from the Burroughs-Wellcome Fund. 

Stephen Hilton obtained his B.Sc. at King s College London in 1996 followed by a Ph.D. under the supervision of Professor Keith Jones and Dr Sheetal Handa. In 2002 he carried out a postdoctoral fellowship under the supervision of Professor William Motherwell at University College London. In 2006 he moved to his current position at The Institute of Cancer Research as a postdoctoral fellow in Medicinal Chemistry. His research interests lie in the area of natural products containing sulfur, radical chemistry and anticancer drug targets. 

Antonio Violante is Professor of Agricultural Chemistry at the University of Naples, Italy. He received his Ph. D. in Chemistry at the University of Naples in 1969. He was awarded postdoctoral fellowships from the University of Wisconsin, USA (1967-1977) and the University of Saskatchewan, Canada (1981-1982) and was invited Visiting Professor in the Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Canada in 1985, 1992 and 2003. 

William Fraser was born in Hamilton. He studied at the other of the two local universities, Strathclyde, where he obtained a first class B.Sc. honors degree in 1986 and Ph.D. in 1989 under the direction of Professor Colin J. Suckling and Professor Hamish C. S. Wood. He was awarded a Royal Society European Exchange Postdoctoral Fellowship and worked in the laboratories of Professor Albert Eschenmoser at the ETH, Zurich. In 1991, he took up his present position as lecturer in medicinal chemistry at Aston University, Birmingham. His scientific interests include nucleoside and nucleic acid chemistry, solid-supported, synthesis, and study of base-modified antigene oligonucleotides targeted to DNA. 

Shahrokh Saba was born in Tehran, Iran, studied at the American University of Beirut, Lebanon, where he obtained his B.S. in 1970. He continued his education at the University of East Anglia and received his Ph.D. in 1974 under the direction of Prof. A. R. Katritzky. During 1975-79, he taught as an assistant professor at Azad University in Tehran. He moved to the United States in 1980, and after postdoctoral fellowships in 1980 (Prof. R. Breslow, Columbia University), 1981 (Prof. W. C. Agosta, Rockefeller University), and 1982-83 (Prof. N. O. Smith, Fordham University), he assumed a teaching position at Kean College of New Jersey in 1984. He returned to Fordham University in 1986 and took up his present position, and is currently an associate professor of chemistry. His scientific interests include all aspects of heterocyclic chemistry, and new uses of simple ammonium salts in organic synthesis. 

This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant numbers S.J.D. (CA-28824 and CA-08748). Postdoctoral Fellowship support is gratefully acknowledged by C.R.H. (American Cancer Society, PF-98-173-001) and S.D.K. (US Army Breast Cancer Research Fellowship, DAMD 17-98-1-1854). The authors wish to acknowledge the work on the epothilone project of their colleagues whose names are listed in the references. 

Historical Vignette 11.3] W. Wallace Cleland (1930-present) received his A.B. from Oberlin College in 1950 and his M.S. and Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1953 and 1955, respectively. After a postdoctoral fellowship spent at the University of Chicago he returned to Madison to join the faculty where he remains and is still actively involved in research. Cleland has devoted a great deal of time to developing and using isotope effect techniques to study enzyme mechanisms, see for example J. Biol. Chem. 278, 51975 (2003). (Photo credit Biochemistry Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison)... 

Acknowledgement. We thank David Beratan and Jay Winkler for helphil discussions. Our research on electron transfer in proteins is supported by grants from the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health. NRSA/NIH postdoctoral fellowships were held by M. J. T., J. C, and A. L. R. and a Medical Research Council (Canada) postdoctoral fellowship was held by B. E. B. This is contribution no. 8115 from the Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory. 

This research was supported by funds from Cotton Incorporated, Cotton Foundation, and the South Carolina Lung Association. Dr. Pilia is a recipient of a National Kidney Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship. The authors gratefully appreciate the editorial assistance of Janet Vesterlund and the secretarial assistance of Charlotte Spain. 

Acknowledgments This work was supported in part by grants from the National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) and the Dairy Earmers of Canada (DEC). The Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Epilepsy Canada provided postdoctoral fellowship support to Dr. Thompson. 

JMLM is a member of the Helen and Martin Kimmel Center for Molecular Design. ADB acknowledges a postdoctoral fellowship from the Feinberg Graduate School. Research at the Weizmann Institute was partially supported by the Minerva Foundation, Munich, Germany. 

Acknowledgments We thank Adam L. Ludlow for assistance in collecting the references, drawing some of the structures, and editing. Support was given by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada by grants to E.P. and K.N.S., and a postdoctoral fellowship to C.I.K. 

This work has been supported by grants fix>m the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation. Robert C. Scarrow is grateful for a postdoctoral fellowship from the American Cancer Society. 

Dr. Garcia was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship provided by the Spanish Research Council (CSIQ. Financial support for the experimental work was provided by The Pennsylvania State University Cooperative Program for Coal Research, llie authors are grateful fcH the sample of yhiran lignite provided by the Istanbul Technical University. 

This work was supported by PHS Grant AI 16943. A fellowship from the Com Refiners Association, Inc. to M.P.D. and a PHS Postdoctoral Fellowship (Grant 1 F32 GM 11104) to J.E.A. are gratefully acknowledged. NMR spectra were obtained through the auspices of the Northeast Regional NSF/NMR Facility at Yale University, which is supported by NSF/Chemistry Division Grant CHE 7916210. 

Department of Commerce, under Grants 04-8-M01-187 and NA81AA-D-00009 and by the University of Alaska with funds appropriated by the State of Alaska, a Graduate Fellowship in Resource Problems from the University of Alaska and a Postdoctoral Fellowship from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (to S. H.). This publication is contribution number 5666 from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. 

M.G.S. is particularly indebted to the Science and Engineering Research Councial of the U.K. for the award of an overseas Postdoctoral Fellowship. 

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