Dry sump

Oil mist systems exist to provide eontinuous minute quantities of oil fog to the rolling assembly. These systems normally employ an additional pump, atomizer, and filter. These systems are gaining popularity in hot applieations, or with heaty thrust and radial loading. The oil fog is sprayed into the bearing ehamber with either a wet sump or a dry sump. The wet sump method provides the bearings with a bath (the liquiei oil level) and a fog spray. See Figure 11-1. 

The dry sump method of oil misting has no lie]uid oil contained in the bearing chamber. Instead, the entire ehamber is filled with the atomized oil fog. See Figure 11-2, next page. 

Both the dry sump and wet sump method of oil misting have a slight positive pressure in the bearing housing. This prevents contaminants and even humid air from entering the bearing ehamber. 

A dry sump design should be employed. The gear unit for a train with a central lube oil system should be designed for the turbine grade oils of the system. Typically, 150 Saybolt Seconds Universal (SSU) oils at 100°F (ISO 32) with an inlet temperature of 110°F to 120°F are adequate. 

Wet-sump and dry-sump Excellent cooling capabilities. Expensive hardware installation. 

Compared with automotive engines, aircraft piston engines did not suffer from water contamination or low-temperature sludge formation because of their higher operating temperatures. They were less prone to corrosion because aircraft fuels were low in sulphur compared to automotive fuels and oil consumption was relatively high. Their main problems were oxidation and foaming, associated with dry sump operation. 

N2, and traces of PH, CO2, E, and S large furnaces generate off-gas at a rate of about 120—180 m /min. In most installations the off-gas is passed through a series of Cottrell electrostatic precipitators which remove 80—95% of the dust particles. The precipitators ate operated at temperatures above the 180°C dew point of the phosphoms. The collected dust is either handled as a water slurry or treated dry. Einal disposal is to a landfill or the dust is partially recycled back to the process. The phosphoms is typically condensed in closed spray towers that maintain spray water temperatures between 20 and 60°C. The condensed product along with the accompanying spray water is processed in sumps where the water is separated and recycled to the spray condenser, and the phosphoms and impurities ate settled for subsequent purification. 

Inks for continuous ink-jet printers typically comprise dyes dissolved in water or solvent having salts added to make the ink conductive for electrostatic charging. Whenever waterproof printing is required, low boiling solvent inks ate used. For printers that ate used in office environments, water is used as the ink solvent. Using water-based inks, humectants may be added to inhibit drying of ink in the sump and surfactants ate added to wet the printing surface. 

Collected liquids flow down the pipes and drain to a collection sump. Collected solids are washed off the plates with water or other liquid. Sometimes the dust/solids can be removed by mechanically vibrating or knocking on the plates while the particles are dry. The electrical power of the precipitator is applied only... 

The output of such high-speed dryers is limited by the increasing density of the water vapor flow. The grains of the product are floating in the vapor stream as in a fluidized bed, and the smallest particles are carried along with the vapor to the condenser. Even if only 1 % of the dried product is carried away, it sumps up to 10 kg per day if the throughput is 1000 kg per day. In 4 weeks, this totals to 280 kg or 1 m3 of coffee powder. To remove this out from the vapor stream very large filters have to be used in order to minimize the pressure drop in the filters. 

Solid wastes old equipment or insulation, packaging material, reaction by-products, spent carbon or resins, drying aids. Unlined ditches, process trenches, sumps, pumps, valves, or fittings, wastewater treatment ponds. 

The other type of reboiler commonly used is termed the down ow reboiler due to the fact that LOX enters at the top of the core and flows down. Vapor and liquid exits at the base of the core. The exit stream should have suf cient liquid flow to wash contaminants from the core and prevent dry boiling. A constant purge is still needed, however, from the column sump. 

Miscellaneous dry waste Water and sump sludge Wastewater treatment sludge Total... 

Drawoff sumps and seals, 71 Drums, reflux and flash, 514 Drying, 10,13 Dumping, 54 Du Pont-Co., 74,125... 

Keeping the anodes wet and supplied with water is crucial. As pore water moves away from the anode by electroosmosis, makeup water must be available to prevent soil drying and burned-out anodes. Horizontal wells were installed along toe tops of the electrodes along with the steel bus bars. The cathode trench sloped toward a common sump at the east end of toe cathode. The sump also had lateral lines running to the north and south anodes. The anode trenches sloped from east to west and were constructed 6-in. deeper than the cathode trench. Hydraulically conductive wick drains were installed with the steel plate electrodes to allow free movement of water in or out of the electrodes as needed. The sump contained a level sensor to monitor the water level. The electroosmotic water flows from the cathode to the sump and then to each anode as needed by gravity. 

The primary function of the rinse sump is to remove the fluorochemicaFcosolvent mixture and the soil dissolved in it. Following immersion in the rinse liquid, the parts are moved into the vapor phase for a final rinse with pure fluorochemical vapor. Finally, the parts are lifted into the freeboard zone, where any remaining fluorochemical rinsing agent evaporates from the parts and returns to the sump by condensation from eooling eoils. At this point, the cleaning cycle is complete and the parts are elean and dry. 

Concrete flooring in the brine area is liable to disintegration by brine, and it is protected by coating with materials such as magnesium or zinc fluosilicate, epoxy or silicone penetrating sealers, and drying oils. Concrete surfaces exposed to mechanical wear are treated with 3- to 6-mm thick epoxy surfacing materials. Sumps and trenches employ reinforced polyester or epoxy resin systems. 

Asco 1,2 PWR W 1983/1985 2696 Dry 62092 2 trains, each one with one pump with flow capability 1500 gpm baskets with trl-sodlum phosphate (Na3PC4) In containment sump maintaining the containment sump pH at 7.2 Active Carbon Filters Efficiency 95-99% none... 

CPO series (6 units) 900 MWe PWR FRAMATOME Ranging from March 1977 to July 1979 power (MWt) 2 785 (except FSH 2 660) type Large dry Single wall with steel liner volume (m=) 47 000 Two files sump chem. additives Boric acid and soda (high pH) (Ventilation systems) Two files of HEPA filters upstream of the stack venting filters Internal metallic pre-filter + extern sand-bed filter... 

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