Drug, drugs program

Lead structure According to Valler and Green s definition a lead structure is a representative of a compound series with sufficient potential (as measured by potency, selectivity, pharmacokinetics, physicochemical properties, absence of toxicity and novelty) to progress to a full drug development program [12]. 

T. R. Sweeney, M Survey of Compoundsfrom the Hntiradiation Drug Development Program of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D.C., 1979. 

Today, 3D databases, which provide the means for storing and searching for 3D information of compounds, are proven to be useful tools in drug discovery programs. This is well exemplified with the recent discovery of novel nonpeptide HIV-1 protease inhibitors using pharmacophore searches of the National Cancer Institute 3D structural database [13-15]. 

Increasing Compliance in Tubercular i Drug Treatment Program... 

The expected outcomes of the person formerly dependent on opioids may include an optimal response to therapy, which includes compliance with the treatment program, remaining drug free, and an understanding of the drug rehabilitation program. 

Outpatient drug-free programs, like therapeutic communities, seek to achieve abstinence without the use of psychoactive medication. Programs range from unstructured drop-in centers with discussion groups and recreational activities to organi2ed day treatment programs. 

Greenblatt DJ, Shader RI, Koch-Weser J Psychotropic drug use in the Boston area a report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program. Arch Gen Psychiatry 32 518-521, 1975... 

In this chapter we describe the current insights into the evolution of viruses under pressure of antiviral therapy and the potential impact on viral fimess. As most recent work in this field has been done in the field of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we use the evolution of this virus as the basis for the chapter. Subsequently, we describe resistance evolution for Hepatitis B virus (HBV), where large progress has been made in recent years. Furthermore, we describe the resistance development for Hepatitis C virus (HCV), for which a very active drug development program is undertaken by several pharmaceutical companies. Finally, we discuss resistance evolution for Influenza. 

One early step in the workflow of the medicinal chemist is to computationally search for similar compounds to known actives that are either available in internal inventory or commercially available somewhere in the world, that is, to perform similarity and substructure searches on the worldwide databases of available compounds. It is in the interest of all drug discovery programs to develop a formal process to search for such compounds and place them into the bioassays for both lead generation and analog-based lead optimization. To this end, various similarity search algorithms (both 2D and 3D) should be implemented and delivered directly to the medicinal chemist. These algorithms often prove complementary to each other in terms of the chemical diversity of the resulted compounds [8]. 

Due to drug treatment program budgetary constraints and the relative unavailability of clinicians having expertise in the use of... 

Bolter, A. Heminger, A. Martin, G. and Fry, M. Out-patient clinical experience in a community drug abuse program with phencyclidine abuse. J. Toxicol Clin Toxicol 9 593 -600, 1976. 

Over the next decade, seniors will spend 1.8 trillion on prescription medications. Medicare proposals to provide a drug benefit for seniors have been suggested to cost 400 billion over a 10-year period. Thus, the most elaborate of the current drug programs will pay only 22% of seniors drug costs. Enhanced use of pharmacoeconomic tenets to select appropriate therapy while considering cost and therapeutic benefits for seniors and others will become even more crucial for clinicians in the future. 

Certain pharmacologic agents have been helpful in the treatment of withdrawal and in drug maintenance programs. 

As members of the GPCR superfamily have historically dominated drug development programs, so too has interest in chemokine receptors as therapeutic targets. 

---