Documentation computer-based

The electronic inventory, ordering, and dispensing system is the first step in creating a computer-based system to support the areas requiring GMP documentation, and/or manually intensive operations, which provide a disproportionatelysmall return on... 

All computer-based promotional material must comply with all relevant provisions of this code in the same way as printed materials (see Chapter 6). PI must be readily accessible via the computer-based material or offered to an audience in a group situation on completion of the presentation. Where the PI is included in interactive data system, instructions for accessing it must be clearly displayed. Audiovisual promotional material This must be accompanied by a document that contains the following information ... 

Customer training Does a training manual exist Do they provide tools for training e.g., computer-based or video training Do they offer operator training courses (frequency, language) Is there documented evidence for the trainer s qualifications ... 

Computer hardware should be well documented with model number and serial and revision numbers, and software should be documented with model and revision numbers. For larger laboratories with many computer systems this should preferably be documented via a computer-based database. 

Advances in technology can facilitate the generation and transfer of patient documentation. As more pharmacies use the Internet as a means of communication, information can be transferred quickly and accurately over greater distances. Handheld computers and specialty software allow health care practitioners to document information in an electronic format that can be transformed immediately for rapid transfer to others. Reports in the literature have described methods to assess pharmacist interventions related to medication errors, the use of computer-based systems, and recently, the use of personal digital assistants (PDAs) in specific patient care areas. Many of these documentation systems tend to be individualized apphcations in which the transfer of data to other providers is not possible or quite limited. Often these systems focus on the generation of reports for workload analysis or accreditation purposes. 

A document called "The Engineers Responsibility for Computer Based Decisions" (17a), published by the Institution of Chemical Engineers, recommends triple redundancy - with voting - for software in "critical" applications. 

PERFORMING THE ANALYSIS. After a checklist is prepared, it can be applied by less experienced engineers if necessary. Team members should walkthrough and visually inspect the process areas to compare the process equipment and operations to the checklist items. The checklist can be reviewed in either hard copy or computer-based form. The analysts respond to the checklist items based on observations from their visual inspections, process documentation, interviews with operating personnel, and personal perceptions. If the process... 

The effects of physical and cognitive interaction in human-computer interaction have been documented by Karwowski et al. (1994). They demonstrated, as a result of a highly controlled study in computer-based mail sorting, that the mode of information presentation on a computer screen and the cognitive response requirement of the user affected and changed their physical posture. Thus, if designers consider both factors in interactive system design they can optimize their interaction. 

The assessment and qualification of software for computer based systems important to safety requires (as e g. in lEC 60880) a set of detailed documents according to the development steps of the software life cycle. For pre-developed software the amount of documentation available and its detail will not be sufficient in most cases. On the other hand, the pre-developed software may have been operating in many applications, and it should be possible to evaluate this operating experience to demonstrate dependability. 

World Wido Wob (WWW Web) A computer-based information service developed at CERN in the early 1990s. It is a hypermedia system (see hypertext) distributed over a large number of computer sites that aUows users to view and retrieve information from documents contlnlng links . It is accessed by a computer connected to the Internet that is running a suitable program. 

There is a clear need to broaden our evaluation methods so that we are better able to assess the impact of simulations, microworlds, intelligent tutoring systems, and other types of "complex" computer-based learning environments. In addition, there is a striking need to assess the impact of computers on coUege/university level audiences and particularly to document the impact of computer-assisted instruction on higher order cognitive processes at every school level. 

Since Wheland did not pursue his idea, this result of his remained practically unknown. Thus, for example, Spialter did not mention the Wheland tableaux in his papers. After Wheland, several authors, located either in industry or at the former National Bureau of Standards (now the National Institute for Standards and Technology) in Washington, D.C., developed methods for computer storage and retrieval of chemical structures (Ray and Kirsch, 1957 Gluck, 1965 Meyer, 1969). Spialter himself was at the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Fairborn near Dayton, Ohio. Apparently the need for computer-based systans for chemical documentation was perceived much earlier in applied research than in academic research. 

J.A. McDermid, M. Nicholson, D.J. Pumfrey, P. Fenelon, Experience with the Application of HAZOP to Computer-Based System, Internet document. 

The objective of this Safety Guide is to provide guidance on the collection of evidence and preparation of documentation to be used in the safety demonstration for the software for computer based systems important to safety in nuclear power plants, for all phases of the system life cycle. 

The main focus of this Safety Guide is on the preparation of documentation that is used for an adequate demonstration of the safety and reliabiUty of computer based systems important to safety. 

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