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Directives European laws

We must notice that each country has its own law [15], a complexity that hampers the development ofthe process. In Europe, the Brussels Commission wrote a first directive (European "law") in 1986 but the European Parliament rejected it one reason for that was the impossibility, in 1988, to bring the proof whether or not a foodstuff has been irradiated. Since the publication ofthe first European protocols, a new directive was written and then voted by the European Parliament in 1999 [16]. This directive was now adapted in each law of European countries but the final positive list i.e. included authorized irradiated foodstuffs) is still under discussion. Moreover the European Union is also blocked by ... [Pg.172]

It adopts European laws which apply in the 15 member countries (directives and regulations). [Pg.61]

Some countries have local legislative directives in place, but there is no harmonised European law for soft drinks. Nevertheless, some horizontal legislation needs to be considered (Table 5.12). Additives, like colours, sweeteners and others, are established within the European Union. [Pg.466]

All national legislation must be consistent and read in line with European legislation. National legislation which is at odds with European law cannot be relied upon locally. EC law now covers almost all aspects of pharmaceutical development, manufacture and supply. However, there is still variation in the approach of Member States to the determination of whether a product is a medicinal product falling within the European pharmaceutical legislation, or should be classified as some other product, such as a food or cosmetic, despite the existence of the definition of medicinal product in Article 1 of Directive 65/65/EEC. Within the Community, it remains possible to see the same products accorded different categorisations and therefore supplied subject to different constraints in different Member States. [Pg.520]

Acquis COMMUNAUTAIRE The entire body of European laws is known as the acquis communautaire. This includes all the treaties, regulations and directives passed by the European institutions as well as judgements laid down by the Court of Justice. The term is most often used in connection with preparations by the 12 candidate countries to join the union. They must adopt, implement and enforce all the acquis to be allowed to join the European Union (EU). [Pg.183]

Directives are the European laws published in the Official Journal that give us the essential health and safety requirements (EHSRs) that shall be followed by product suppliers. These are commonly called the Essential Requirements (ERs). The directives deal with legal and procedural issues, such as assessment procedures, certification, implementation, enforcement, technical files, declarations, CE marking, and other basic concepts. Examples of primary directives are the Low-Voltage, Machinery, and EMC directives. The General Product Safety and Product Liability Directives are basic directives dealing with enforcement and civil prosecution that are applied to all products. The directives also mandate the publication and mutual recognition of harmonized standards. [Pg.4]

Products must conform with the Essential Requirements (ERs) of all relevant directives before being placed on the market. ERs are at the center of European law and standards and are retained for the presumption of conformity by virtue of their publication in the directives as harmonized standards. The ERs and harmonized standards include the requirements to protect consumers, health, merchandise, and the environment. The transposition of the European directives and harmonized standards into national laws and standards makes them legally binding and obligatory in the member states. Products that conform to the European harmonized standards are presumed to comply with the essential requirements of the directives. [Pg.10]

European directives are laws that manufacturers must meet before affixing the CE marking to products. The directives are identified with the year and identifier number such as 85/375/EEC for the Product Liability Directive, which was published in the Official Journal on August 7, 1985. Most directives are adopted at a later date, within a specified time limit. For example, article 19 of the Produet Liability Directive 85/375/EEC states that this directive must be brought into force by the member states within three years. [Pg.15]

Directives. Directives are European laws that detail the legal, procedural, and CE marking requirements for products. Directives are published in the Official Journal and describe in general terms the essential health and safety requirements that must be met to allow products to be placed on the market and ensure the free movement of goods. The directives also mandate the publication of safety and EMC standards that equipment manufacturers must follow to obtain the presumption of conformity. ... [Pg.138]

Neither case law nor European law figured prominently at the time of this research. EU legislation has been more significant since January 1993 which saw the introduction of the so-called six pack of health and safety regulations which implemented previously agreed European directives. [Pg.77]

For residual metals, there is no European law that directly expresses the Unfits for MDs. Please refer to guideline ICH Q3D. The advantage of the ICH guidelines is that they are easily consulted online free of cost. [Pg.130]

The directive is addressed to manufacturers of equipment, which is intended for use in potentially explosive areas. The member states of the European Community had to apply the provisions of the Directive as of 1 March 1996. The directive represents as of 1 July 2003 a valid European law which the member states have to observe for equipment and protective systems, as defined in the directive, to be placed on the market and put into service. The Directive was implemented, for example into German law by the 11. Verordnung zum Produktsicherheitsgesetz (11. ProduktSV) (Product Safety Act) [3], other European states made equivalent laws. [Pg.130]

This directive is addressed to operating companies of equipment which is intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres. It represents a valid European law as of 1 July 2003. In the member states of the European Community it became legal force by respective legal provisions and administrative instructions (in Germany, for example by the Betriebssicherheitsverordnung (BetrSichV) (Operational Safety Code) [4]). [Pg.130]

According to American and European law, it is not compulsory for manufacturers of textile goods to indicate the synthetic component on the label of a product if it is less than 5% [14], The same practice is applied in South Africa. A label may thus indicate 100% cotton, even though a synthetic component is present. As inferred from the stmcture of the warp knitted terrycloth (figure 2), the synthetic component plays a vital role in the durability of the towels, especially where breaking strength in the warp direction is concerned. [Pg.177]

In 1993 the EU issued a directive (European ParUament 2007) which became known as the Medical Devices Directive (MDD). This EU mandate was enacted into UK law in 2002 by the Medical Devices Regulations 2002. These regulations implement the provisions of the Medical Devices Directive, 93/42/EEC. [Pg.151]

The largest commercial market for adhesives and sealants is their use in building and construction. The Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC) (CPD) is currently undergoing review and will be remade as the Construction Products Regulation (CPR) probably coming into force in 2012 or 2013. European regulations, unlike directives, are translated directly into law in the member states without the need for national statutes and instruments (and the potential for differing national interpretations). Thus, the basic work requirements (formerly essential requirements in the CPD) of the CPR will become compulsory in all member states. [Pg.917]

In Austria, as well as all over Europe, the first and repetition tests of all pressure equipments including steam drums are required for security reasons within fixed time intervals. These repetitive inspections are done differently in the most European countries, but most time these inspections include, according to the European Pressure Equipment Directive" and the specific national law any kind of over-pressurisation (e.g. hydrotest) and visual inside inspection. [Pg.30]

The pressure equipment directive was adopted by the European Parliament and the European Council in May 1997. It harmonises the national laws of the 15 Member States of the European Union relating to equipment subject to the pressure risk. That directive is one of the series of technical harmonisation directives such as for machinery, medical devices, simple pressure vessels, gas appliances and so on, which were foreseen by the Communities programme for the elimination of technical barriers to trade. It therefore aims to ensure the free placing on the market and putting into service of the equipment concerned within the European Union and the European Economic Area. At the same time it permits a flexible regulatory environment, allowing European industry to develop new techniques increasing thereby its international competitiveness. [Pg.937]

In Europe, the formation of the European Economic Community has created a requirement to bring food additive approvals of the member nations into alignment, so as to eliminate differences in laws that hinder the movement of foodstuffs among these nations. Historically the member countries have differed widely in approaches to food additive approval and their tendency to approve new additives. At the time of this writing, a framework directive for food additives and several specific directives for various categories of additives are nearing completion (3). [Pg.436]

Directive 2001/20/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 April 2001 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to the implementation of good clinical practice in the conduct of clinical trials on medicinal products for human use. [Pg.12]

The proposed European Directive (i.e., EU law) on the patenting of computer-implemented inventions [8] has led to a debate in Europe on the desirability of patents on software. The debate recently culminated in a vote by the European Parliament, which rejected the proposed legislation [9]. [Pg.705]

Food coloring is restricted by law to prevent misuse that may lead to deception of consumers related to reduced value or usability. For this purpose, the European Union implemented food colorant guidelines in 1994 based on the understanding that food coloration presents a technological need. While European Parliament and Council Directive 94/36/EC lists colors and their uses in food, the European Commission Directive 95/45/EC contains specific purity criteria for colors in foodstuffs, e.g., a maximal lead content of 20 ppm. " ... [Pg.93]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.15 , Pg.16 , Pg.17 ]




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European directives

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