Diethylene triamine DETA

Toxicology. Diethylene triamine (DETA) is a skin, eye, and respiratory irritant it also causes skin and pulmonary sensitization. On the skin, DETA is a potent primary irritant causing edema and sometimes necrosis. Repeated contact with the liquid may lead to skin sensitization, and an asthmatic-type response may result from repeated inhalation of the vapors. ... 

The aliphatic amines, including triethylene tetramine (TETA) and diethylene triamine (DETA), are highly alkaline (pH 13-14), caustic, and volatile and may cause severe... 

Diethylene triamine, DETA, i = 1 triethylene tetramine, TETA, i tetraethylene pentamine, TEPA, i = 3... 

When one is using primary amines, for example diethylene triamine (DETA), the mix ratio should be closer to stoichiometric amounts. However, there is always a percentage of homopolymerization in practice, especially at the temperature of reaction. Smaller amounts of DETA than stoichiometric, therefore, will cause a complete cure. But this will generally occur at the expense of increasing brittleness. 

Another possible preassembly reaction mechanism has been noted with regard to amine cured epoxy resins.10 A variability and reduction in the rate of conversion of epoxy groups in DGEBA epoxy resin cured at room temperature with diethylene triamine (DETA) was noticed. This is due to a side reaction of the amine with air, resulting in bicarbonate formation. As a result, the adhesive strength decreased drastically when the uncured epoxy amine was exposed to ambient air for a significant period of time. 

Polyamine-cured epoxy systems have reasonable colour and colour retention, improved physical properties and good chemical resistance. They are, however, moisture sensitive, relatively toxic and have poor resistance to organic acids. Examples of this class are diethylene triamine (DETA) and triethylene tetramine (TETA). 

Three types of PUs were prepared, based on polytetramethylene glycol(PTMG) of molec.wt. 2000, 1000 and 650. The prepolymers were prepared by reacting PTMG with MDI and were then extended with diethylene triamine(DETA) or DETA/hydrazine mixture to form the PU polymers. The polymers were then grafted with epichlorohydrin and further reacted with different... 

Aminic polyols are low molecular weight adducts of propylene oxide (PO) [and/or ethylene oxide (EO)] made from aliphatic or aromatic polyamines such as ethylenediamine (EDA), diethylene triamine (DETA) [1, 2], ortho-toluene diamine (o-TDA) [3, 4] or diphenylmethanediamine (MDA) [2, 5, 6]. Because these starters are liquid at room temperature (EDA, DETA) or low melting point solids (o-TDA, MDA), they are alkoxylated in the absence of solvents. 

In the chemical approach, a poly(aminoamide) is formed through the polycondensation of adipic acid and diethylene triamine (DETA). 

Stoichiometric ratios can be calculated similarly for hardeners. In principle, each active hydrogen will react with one epoxy group. Thus a low-molecular-weight aliphatic polyamine such as diethylene triamine (DETA) has a molecular weight of 103 and five active hydrogens. The hydrogen equivalent is thus 20.6. The stoichiometrically correct ratio with an epoxy resin of EEW 200 would thus be 100 parts resin to 10.3 parts of DETA. In practice there is always a percentage of homopolymerization, especially at the temperature... 

Aliphatic primary amines. Common examples are diethylene triamine (DETA), tetraethylene pentamine (TEPA), n-aminoethyl piperazine, and isophorone diamine. They give good room-temperature cure at stoichiometric ratios, but have poor HDT, inconvenient mix ratios, high peak exotherm, and are strongly irritant. Isophorone diamine produces very light colored mixes with good color stability. 

Figure 12.6 NIR difference spectra for diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA)—diethylene triamine (DETA) with absorbed moisture levels varying between 0.46% and 2.69%. The inset shows a deconvoluted analysis with peaks at 7085, 6834 and 6541/cm, which correspond to free water and singly and doubly hydrogen-bonded water, respectively [15].

These are widely used because the curing of the epoxies takes place at room temperature. High exothermic temperatures develop during the curing reaction that limit the mass of material that can be cured. The electrical and physical properties of these aliphatic-cured resins had the greatest tendency toward degradation of electrical and physical properties at elevated temperatures. Typical aliphatic amines used include diethylene triamine (DETA) and triethylene tetramine (TETA). 

The softener actives based on diethylene triamine (DETA) that are of commercial significance today are diamidoamine ethoxylate quaternary ammonium methyl sulfate (DAAEQAMS) and imidazolinium quaternary ammonium methyl sulfate (IQAMS) (see Structures 2 and 3, respectively, in Figure 14.11. These compounds account for only about 10%, or 26 000 metric tons, of the quaternaries sold for use in fabric softeners. Such compounds were developed as an alternative to DHTDMAC and were found to provide better static control and similar softening performance on a cost/performance basis. 

Fluorescence-monitored epoxy curing sequences were performed with two different resin systems DGEBA cured at room temperature with 11 wt % diethylene triamine (DETA) and... 

A wide range of derivatives are prepared from alkyleneamines and poly(ethyleneamines) such as diethylene triamine (DETA), triethylenetetramine (TETA), imidazolines, amidoamines, and their ethoxylated and propoxylated derivatives as depicted in Scheme 1.7. Reaction products of fatty acids and their derivatives with DMAPA (see Section 1.6.1) can be quatemized with various alkylating agents to produce amidopropyl ammonium quaternaries, many of which have been patented and commercialized in a variety of applications, including personal care, fabric softening, and industrial/oil-fleld applications. 

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