Determination of free

M.p. 296 C. Accepts an electron from suitable donors forming a radical anion. Used for colorimetric determination of free radical precursors, replacement of Mn02 in aluminium solid electrolytic capacitors, construction of heat-sensitive resistors and ion-specific electrodes and for inducing radical polymerizations. The charge transfer complexes it forms with certain donors behave electrically like metals with anisotropic conductivity. Like tetracyanoethylene it belongs to a class of compounds called rr-acids. tetracyclines An important group of antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces spp., having structures based on a naphthacene skeleton. Tetracycline, the parent compound, has the structure ... 

Free Moisture. The free moisture of a filler is the water present on the surface of the particles. This weakly bound water can sometimes contribute to iaterparticle bonding (reinforcing) or filler—matrix iateraction, ie, biader adsorption or catalysis. A determination of free moisture is usually made by measuriag the percent loss on drying the sample at either 100 or 110°C. 

The analytical methods (81—83) for the determination of free formaldehyde in the presence of /V-methy1o1 compounds are based on a low temperature (0—5°C) titration, which involves the reaction of sodium sulfite and formaldehyde (eq. 6). 

In the determination of free formaldehyde in solution, eg, commercial reagents and pad bath formulation, the conditions of analysis allow hydrolysis of the /V-methy1o1 groups, usually between <1% and several percent. The NaOH formed is titrated with hydrochloric acid (82). Because of an incomplete reaction of sulfite with free formaldehyde, these low temperature methods (83) detect only 80—90% of the free formaldehyde present. Skill is important for correct results. 

We proposed new photometric reagent 4,4 -bis(diethylamino)-thiobenzophenone (ethyl derivative of Michler s thioketone, EMT) for the determination of free chlorine and chloramines in drinking water. 

K. Grob, M. Eanfranchi and C. Mariani, Determination of free and esterified sterols and of wax esters in oils and fats by coupled liquid chromatography-gas chr omatography , 7. Chromatogr. 471 397-405 (1989). 

E. Eklund, C. Norsten-Hoog and T. Arvidsson, Determination of free concentration of sameridine in blood plasma by ultr afiltration and coupled-column liquid chr omatogra-phy ,7. Chromatogr. B10 195-200(1998). 

T. Arvidsson and E. Eklund, Determination of free concenti ation of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in blood plasma by ultrafilti ation and coupled-column liquid cliromatogra-phy , 7. Chromatogr. B 668 91-98 (1995). 

One of the most useful applications of chiral derivatization chromatography is the quantification of free amino acid enantiomers. Using this indirect method, it is possible to quantify very small amounts of enantiomeric amino acids in parallel and in highly complex natural matrices. While direct determination of free amino acids is in itself not trivial, direct methods often fail completely when the enantiomeric ratio of amino acid from protein hydrolysis must be monitored in complex matrices. 

Relatively few thermodynamic studies have been performed on compounds involving Th, U and Pu with noble metals. Most of the previous work has involved electrochemical cell determinations of free energies of formation, hence little has been published concerning the sublimation behavior of actinide intermetallics. 

Thermod5mamics is a fundamental engineering science that has many applications to chemical reactor design. Here we give a summary of two important topics determination of heat capacities and heats of reaction for inclusion in energy balances, and determination of free energies of reaction to calculate equihbrium compositions and to aid in the determination of reverse reaction... 

Edwards-Levy, F., Andry, M. C. Levy, M. C. (1994). Determination of free amino group content of serum-albumin microcapsules. II. Effect of variations in reaction-time and terephthaloyl chloride concentration. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Vol. 103, 3, (March 1994), pp. (253-257), ISSN 0378-5173 Friend, D. R. (2005). New oral delivery systems for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Vol. 57, 2, (January 2005), pp. (247-265), ISSN 0169-409X... 

Determination of free space, growth, solute concentration and parameters of water-relations of suspension-cultivated tobacco cells. Plant, Cell Environment, 9, 693-701. 

Butterman, M Tietz, D Orban, L Chrambach, A, Ferguson Plots Based on Absolute Mobilities in Polyarcylamide Gel Electrophoresis Dependence of Linearity of Polymerization Conditions and Application on the Determination of Free Mobility, Electrophoresis 9, 293, 1988. Caglio, S Chiari, M Righetti, PG, Gel Polymerization in Detergents Conversion Efficiency of Methylene Blue vs. Persulfate Catalysis, as Investigated by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis, Electrophoresis 15, 209, 1994. 

De Marco R, Mackey DJ (2000) Calibration of a chalcogenide glass membrane ion-selective electrode for the determination of free Fe in seawater I. Measurements in UV photooxidised seawater. Mar Chem 68 283-294 Van den Berg CMG (2000) Mar Chem 71 331-332... 

MATTILA p and KUMPULAINEN J (2002) Determination of free and total phenolic acids in plant-derived foods by HPLC with diode-array detection, JAgric Food Chem, 50, 3660-67. 

Kugler, F. et ah. Determination of free amino compounds in betalainic fruits and vegetables by gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection, J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 4311, 2006. 

APCl in positive mode ionization and triple quadrupole detection was used for determination of free and bound carotenoids in paprika, obtaining the [M + H]+ and losses of fatty acids as neutral molecules from the [M + H]+ with MeOH, MTBE, and H2O as eluent from the C30 column. The positions of the fatty acids on unsymmetrical xanthophylls could not be established by the MS data. 

Breithaupt, D.E. and Schwack, W., Determination of free and bound carotenoids in paprika Capsicum annuum L.) by LC/MS, Eur. Food Res. TechnoL, 211, 52, 2000. Epler, K.S., Ziegler, R.G., and Craft, N.E., Liquid chromatographic method for the determination of carotenoids, retinoids and tocopherols in human serum and in food, J. Chrvmatogr, 619, 37, 1993. 

Dizdaroglu, M. (1991). Chemical determination of free radical-induced damage to DNA. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 10, 225-230. 

Pirini, A. and Conte, L. S. (1992). Capillary gas chromatography determination of free amino acids in honey as a mean of discrimination between different botanical sources. /. Fdigh Res. Chromatogr. 15,165-170. 

RPLC-PDA is frequently used for quality control, such as the determination of free Irganox 1098 in PA4.6 (at 278 nm after dissolution/precipitation), of free Irganox 1010/1076 in PP (at 278 nm after extraction with MTBE, thus avoiding dissolution of polymer waxes), of Luperco 802 in PP (at 218 nm, after extraction with HCC13), and of Tinuvin 122 in HDPE (at 225 nm as diol). The advantages of the use of HSLC over conventional LC in QC of plastics and additives have been demonstrated, e.g. for AOs in PE, mixed phthalate esters and residual terephthalic acid in PET and partially cured epoxy resins [557],... 

We have also presented the development of a method that enables the determination of free energy profiles associated with calculated MEPs for enzymatic reaction... 

Catenacci, G., Maroni, M., Cottica, D., and Pozzoli, L. (1990) Assessment of human exposure to atrazine through the determination of free atrazine in urine, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 44 1-7. 

Hamase, K., Inoue, T., Morikawa, A., Konno, R., Zaitsu, K. (2001). Determination of free d-proline and D-leucine in the brains of mutant mice lacking D-amino acid oxidase activity. Anal. Biochem. 298, 253-258. 

Unreacted free sulfur can be determined to ISO 7269 1995 — Rubber — Determination of free sulfur. Three methods for the determination of free sulfur in vulcanized rubber are detailed two versions of the copper spiral method and the sodium sulfite method. The copper spiral methods are also applicable, subject to limitations, to unvulcanised rubber. The technique of DSC can detect non-reacted rubber curatives such as residual peroxides. 

Five anticonvulsants including valproic acid were determined by the Abbott TD x fluorescence polarization immunoassay automatic analyzer. Recoveries were 94.8-106% and the coefficients of variations were 1.0-9.7% [23], Fluorescence polarization immunoassay and enzyme immunoassay were compared for the determination of free valproic acid in serum [24], Good correlation (R = 0.9992) was obtained between the two assays. Higgins [25] reported on the determination of valproic acid in serum by enzyme immunoassay with use of EMIT reagents and the Abbot ABA-200 analyzer. Responses were rectilinear up to 150 mg/L. 

The final application or requirements (e.g., determination of free-settling velocity y. minimum fluidization velocity Vm minimum transport velocity Vfmm, and/or pipeline air pressure drop Apt)... 

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