Creative approach

Sometimes there are problems for which no empirically validated strategies exist. These situations challenge therapists and counselors to develop creative approaches to addressing unusual problems. On the one hand, it is very important to use an empirically validated approach to correct a problem if such an approach exists, because it makes little sense to reinvent the wheel when a radial tire may already be available to you. However, if the wheel has not been invented or tested, therapists and counselors still have to do something. 

My advice is to use empirically validated approaches to treating problems as much as you can so you can provide the best care available for your client. This will protect your client, but also may protect you as a professional from litigation. Using empirically validated strategies also helps instill confidence in your client that the care she or he receives will be the best available, which of course makes it more likely that the client will commit to the treatment plan. If there is a unique or unusual problem for which no known empirically validated strategy has been developed, then you may have to create a novel and creative approach for intervening upon the problem. In those cases, it is important to share this information... 

Proposals score high points if they present a creative approach or an innovative idea. A good idea that has already been explored, by you or by others, is seldom funded. A winning proposal must demonstrate that the proposed work will accomplish something new. Gap statements and gap-fillers, as in journal articles (see chapter 6), are used in research proposals to call attention to the new steps that your proposed work will take. By addressing problems that were left unsolved in the past, and by showing how your new approach will solve them, you underscore the creativity of your work. 

Chemical industry players have only recently started transforming their supply chains, and enormous potential still remains to be captured. Being an early adopter, moving first, and taking a creative approach can really ensure distinctiveness, competitive advantage, and long-term, sustainable value creation. 

Through Gary s work and projects such as PIPRA, the GRRF, AATF, and BIOS, creative approaches are increasingly being developed to achieve this public good, both within and outside of the United States. Our farms need these tools. The alternative is deterioration in the world s ability to cope with the problems of hunger and disease (Jacoby and Weiss 1997). 

Some creative approaches to try to match the regular demand of a tapioca production process with the irregular supply of feedstock have been taken. Meuser et al.27 demonstrated that starch could be recovered from either cassava chips or pellets, although the starch is obtained at some sacrifice of quality. Nauta28 has proposed large silos for the storage of tapioca starch, similar to those used in the potato processing industry. At present, the primary supply of tapioca starch remains fresh roots. 

The dimensions of the brownfields challenge in the United States are staggering. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) estimates that between 500,000 and a million brownfield sites exist nationally, and that the cost for cleaning them up will exceed 650 billion [US General Accounting Office (US GAO), 1995]. Cities across the country estimate that they could create more than 550,000 jobs—and recover 2.4 billion in tax revenue—if these properties were redeveloped (US Conference of Mayors, 2000). Despite this promise, many communities have discovered that redevelopment of brownfields is challenging and requires creative approaches and flexibility to succeed. 

Another creative approach is helping to address the extensive sampling and long analysis times that often impede site assessments. US EPA is applying this streamlined scientific approach, called Triad, at several hazardous waste sites in the United States,... 

However, the creative approach to the problem allows turn this bad process towards scientific and practical profits. Thus, basing on investigations of hydrogenolysis of IMC-hydrides and of subsequent recombination (regeneration) of starting IMCs (as a result of interaction of the hydrogenolysis products), the express and precise method of determination of thermodynamic characteristics of IMCs was developed [9]. Of those IMCs, naturally, which take part in the chain of corresponding transformations. 

Of the 180 artists surveyed, 114 said that their psychedelic experiences had affected the content of their work they mainly cited their use of eidetic, or closed-eyes, imagery as a source of subject matter. Fully 131 responded that there had been "a noticeable improvement in their artistic technique, most often mentioning a greater ability to use colors. In addition, 142 attributed a change in creative approach to the psychedelics. Many indicated that dormant interests in art and music had been activated by psychedelic sessions. 

Additional safety studies may be required to support the movement into new indications, and the complex designer biopharmaceuticals will continue to require creative approaches to safety assessment. In either case, the requirement for, and design and execution of, those studies should be driven by sound scientific rationale. Ultimately, the objective of preclinical safety evaluation is well articulated in ICH S6 ... 

Social support networks can provide important affective and material aid that mitigates the adverse effects of disaster trauma (Bolin, 1985). Thus, mobilizing the natural social support system of family, friends, ministers, and co-workers can be one of the most helpful interventions in the aftermath of a disaster. Because disruption of one s natural supports is inherent in most disasters, however, this can require the development of innovative and creative approaches. 

The PHN and other emergency response personnel may harbor concerns about their ability to respond in a clinically responsible way. A survey entitled, Ready and Willing revealed that 80% of nurses and physicians polled are willing to respond to a disaster while only 20 % feel that they have the knowledge and skills to do so safely [Health Affairs, 2003). Preparing public health professionals to respond to incidents that they have never seen before and may encounter very infrequently requires new and creative approaches to education and training. (See chapter 28, Directions for Nursing Education, for further discussion.)... 

As Niels Bohr famously noted, It is very difficult to make an accurate prediction, especially about the future. Although we cannot anticipate the new and creative approaches that will... 

If few novel delivery materials become available in the future, the formulation scientist may have to rely on using mixtures of established excipients that, in combination, have properties that are greater than the sum of the parts in terms of viscoelasticity, diffu-sivity, tissue/organ specificity or other desirable targeting or delivery features. Such approaches seem likely to provide considerable scope for creative approaches. 

Despite these challenges, pharmaceuticals for minor uses and minor animal species are sorely needed. Creative approaches and incentives will continue to be needed to bring new products to market while maintaining safety and effectiveness. 

Lentz, R. Garni, A. Recent EB capacity expansion creative approaches to revamp projects. Styrene Conference General Session Prague, Czech Republic, Jun 22-25, 2003. 

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