Contractors choosing

Why do the site owners or contractors choose not to use other safety measures on top of the legal requirements Are safety measures useless on small sites From a safety officer s point of view, a safety management system is useless for a site like this small site. In addition to the time and resources required to implement safety measures such as OHSAS, there is also doubt about the effectiveness of these safety management systems. Without enough support from the client, the safety officer can report the adoption of safety measures in black and white, but nothing is likely to be done in reality to improve workers safety. Unless the client pays for safety measures, small companies as such do not want to invest. 

Choosing a Contractor Subcontractor 215 Prequalification is required for any contractor/subcontractor who ... 

Many of the modern, high-performance coatings require a high degree of skill in application and are considerably less tolerant than older, conventional materials. Caution is required in choosing coatings when there is no record of sound work by contractors. 

Selection of a competent engineering contractor to perform process design and detail engineering is a key element in the overall success of a project. Important factors to consider when choosing a qualified contractor are ... 

Can this be a fitting model Is this conceptual scheme acceptable in the cases of English or Swedish research subjects, who can access a universal system of healthcare and who voluntarily enter a research program In the situation of "therapeutic research," the proposal seems fair (the conclusion of this analysis will be different in the case of non-therapeutic research. In this second case, there seems to be more similarities to contractors). However, even in this case, consider the dependence of the illness or condition of the research subjects on the research product, that is, the number of therapeutic options on which to decide. If they have an ample supply of therapies, they are in a better position to choose than if they have no therapeutic alternative whatsoever. They may have the "best proven care" or they may try a new, possibly better, therapy. They can calculate risks and benefits and then decide. This might represent this position if we do not consider, amongst other variables, the severity of certain fatal illnesses and the stressful situation an ill person may be experiencing. 

In conclusion, the review and approval process for NDAs for new drugs is much more efficient than in the past. To take advantage of the efficiency of the FDA, the applicant should prepare the NDA carefully, making sure all the necessary information is present. In addition, the applicant should be aware of the various certifications and statements that will be needed in an NDA when they choose contractors and clinical investigators. 

Small contractors may not be able to provide the staff required to do the work within the required time frame. Choosing them could be disastrous. 

Project scope Project scope may not be well defined at the beginning as there may be many options and issues. It requires design and analysis of all alternatives for choosing the most attractive option and defining the project scope Generally, project scope will be well defined by the technology provider and detailed engineering contractor... 

Occasionally, lump sum contract is adopted for foundation construction which should be avoided whenever possible (Chan 1996). The usual reason is that the client wants to fix the limit of his financial commitment and pass the financial risk of variation to the contractor. However, such a step has wide implications which are often not appreciated by clients. This is because at the tender stage, it is usually very difficult, sometimes impossible, to quantify all the technical and financial risks in the foundation construction. For example, in a difficult ground the real cost of foundation construction can exceed the estimated cost by 50% or more. As a result the tender has an element of gambling involved. The problem will arise if the ground conditions turn out to be far more unfavorable than were expected and this may place unbearable pressure on the contractor. In a worst case, the contractor may be tempted to choose between finaneial ruin or sacrificing the safety of a foundation, thereby jeopardizing the entire project. In view of the above, lump sum contract represent unsound business practice for both the contractor and the client. 

Often an experienced crew can be recruited from local fishermen. Their local knowledge of land and sea can be beneficial and initial training can be minimal. If possible, the contractor should choose those who are serving with the local lifeboat as their training will be beneficial to the project. 

Choose an appropriate contractor, after assessing its capabilities and safety record ... 

Employers who use contract employees in and around hazardous processes have the responsibility of choosing contractors with the proper skills and monitoring their performance. Contractors should be screened for safety performance in other work, skill in the required tasks, and knowledge of the process or types of systems on which they will work. It is sometimes useful for an employer to include contract employees in existing training programs. Contractor employees often perform specialized and hazardous tasks. Examples are nonroutine repairs and entry into confined spaces. It is therefore important to control their activities. A permit or work authorization system is a usefril vehicle toward this end. 

The capital projects that the plant choose to implement usually go through a FEED phase to complete the engineering and confirm the capital costs. The next step is to choose a contractor to implement the capital projects, which will consist of... 

An EPCM contract on a lump sum basis does not solve the problem of antithesis there is now every incentive for the contractor to minimize the EPCM input, but none to promote better EPCM performance. This goes even further in the contract, where the EPCM contractor is reimbursed by a percentage of DEC there is now a positive incentive to raise the DEC. If this can be done in ways which reduce the EPCM input, for instance by purchasing large packages or choosing more expensive suppliers and contractors who require less surveillance or expediting, the EPCM contractor scores twice. 

We will discuss three basic forms of contract under which the engineer may work, and some of the consequences in terms of how work should be conducted and its effectiveness judged. The first is the lumpsum turnkey job, in which the contractor has total responsibility to build a plant that complies with a specification, within an agreed time-frame. This is in many ways the least frustrating way to work, because the contractor is free to choose his approach to the work, and how to structure and optimize his inputs to arrive at the most economic end result, consistent with technical acceptability and completion schedule. 

The basic forms of contract to consider are lump-sum, remeasurable, and reimbursable. In reimbursable contracts, pa5onent is based on the contractor s inputs, essentially independent from any measure of the work output. The inputs may be based on a measure of actual costs (always rather hard to determine in the case of overheads) or on contract rates per category of input, such as per manhour for various skills and per week for construction equipment, with perhaps a separate overhead percentage. Clearly there is not much incentive for efficiency here, although bonus pa5onents based on performance can be offered (with substantial complications). It is difficult to choose the most cost-effective contractor, and to understand what unit of output will correspond to a unit of input and how much effort will be made to complete the work on schedule. This contract basis is therefore normally reserved for small works, where the contractor can be replaced if ineffective, or for when the nature of the project makes it difficult to define sufficiently accurately the work description at the time that the work must be contracted. 

Occasionally, the company may choose to transfer the liability to another party, rather than run the risk of loss itself. If removing glue could not be accomplished safely in the plant, the company may choose to have the product shipped to a contractor who would remove the glue in the contractor s plant. If the contractor s workers are overcome by vapors from the solvent, then the contractor would typically hold the liability. 

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