Computer-controlled robot system

Figure 1.12. Schematic representation of a modular computer-controlled robot system (Source accelab Laborautomations GmbH, Tubingen).

Spray coating is used before and after a product is assembled particularly if already assembled and has complex shaped and curved surfaces. Many different types of spray equipment are in use to handle the different forms of paints used. They are classified by their method of atomization (airless, air, rotary, electrostatic, etc.) and by their deposition assist (electrostatic or nonelectrostatic, flame spray, etc.). Spraying techniques may fall into several of these categories. They range from simple systems with one manual applicator to highly complex, computer-controlled, automatic systems. They can incorporate hundreds of spray units. Automatic systems may have their applicators mounted on fixed stands, on reciprocating or rotating machines, on robots, and so on. 

Profile This privately held company was founded in 1993 to integrate advanced technologies in structure-based design, combinatorial chemistry, and chemi-informatics for the cost-effective discovery of orally active pharmaceuticals. The company has developed a system capable of generating new drugs through computer-controlled robotic synthesis and analysis of chemical libraries. Current drug discovery efforts are focused on cardiovascular disease and cancer. 

Kahmen, H. (1991). High Precision Engineering Surveys with Robots and Computer Controlled Measurement Systems. Lecture notes, UCSE Report No. 10015, The University of Calgary... 

Robotic research has indicated that a robotic system is basically a dynamic system, requiring fast motions and mechanical configurations with strongly coupled subsystems. The control task is thus essentially dynamic. It is necessary to compute joint torques, based on the robot dynamics model, to be applied at the joints to achieve the desired motion (21. The primary focus of robot dynamics has been on the development of the computationally efficient robot system dynamic equations. There has also some research efforts devoted to robot dynamic model enhancement and compensation when dynamic parameter (link mass, center of mass, etc) errors exist [31. In the... 

The most recent extension of instrument automation has come with the availability of practical laboratory robotics systems. These systems can be as easy to implement as the personal computer data system and extend automation beyond control, data collection and... 

Since the robot is computer controlled, all motion must be programmed. In our case the Zymate motion is dictionary driven and operator programmed. It is classified as a "lead-through type robot in its programming O). Commands are operator named for inclusion in the system s dictionary. Since the commands are operator named, it is helpful to develop your own applicable language to avoid confusion at a later date. After positions are "taught and named, they are then archived on a floppy disk for further recall. 

When considering automating the sample preparation steps and interfacing with chromatographic systems, laboratory robotics has been the method of choice. A laboratory robotics system has a robotic arm and controller, a computer linked to a controller or connected directly to the robotic arm, and application peripherals for performing specific functions in the application process. 

The Millilab 1A workstation is a personal computer-controlled automated robotic system which performs sample extraction from filters and SPE devices according to user-defined programs. This was used to compare the efficiency of different SPE materials, as manual error is substantially reduced. The results are listed in Table 26.1. 

In 1996, workers at GlaxoWellcome disclosed the solution-phase preparation of 2-aminothiazole combinatorial libraries [99], Utilizing 20 glass vials and a DPC liquid dispensing robot, they prepared a library of 2500 compounds by this procedure. Also in 1996, Argonaut reported the use of their computer-controlled fluid delivery system for biaryl synthesis via a Suzuki coupling reaction [61],... 

There are inevitable interfaces between the application areas of the various sets of procedures and the computer systems to which they apply, as indicated in Figure 3.3. Client-server technology is typically the deciding factor in determining whether control system and laboratory application projects would be better served by IT system procedures. Another example might be that robotic systems used to automate laboratories would be better served by control system procedures. 

Robotic system An automated system, usually controlled by a computer, to transfer materials by physical inovcnwnt of a deliver) device or by movement of the reaction ve.ssel.s. Robotic systems cun be general purpo.se. and capable of being repri nimincd to do a variety of dilTcrcnt tasks, or may be specialized, us p in of a tumkes system. 

Sensorless robots lack the possibility of communicating with their environment and can be further classified into two basic types computer-controlled or first-generation robots, which can be programmed by means of a computer system, and training robots, which merely repeat a sequence of moves under the direct and continuous control of a human operator. 

The robotic system is controlled by a computer that can be user programmed. Thus, the instrument can be instructed to bring samples lo the master laboratory station where they can be diluted, liliercd, parti-... 

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