Emergency operating procedures

The HAZOP team consisted of a HAZOP leader, scribe, process engineer, senior operator, and afety engineer. Previously, the HAZOP leader collected information on the process design (e.g P lDs, operating procedures, emergency procedures and incident reports) for distribution to each team men The leader sectioned the process and identified process deviations prior to the HAZOP. 

Procedural controls (sometimes called administrative controls) use operating procedures, emergency response and other management approaches to prevent incidents or to minimize their effects. In other words, they involve human intervention to control hazards. Examples of such controls... 

Procedures Normal operating procedures Emergency Special emergency operating operating procedures procedures ... 

The next step is to apply a number of loss control credit factors such as process control (emergency power, cooling, explosion control, emergency shutdown, computer control, inert gas, operating procedures, reactive chemical reviews), material isolation (remote control valves, blowdown, drainage, interlocks) and fire protection (leak detection, buried tanks, fire water supply, sprinkler systems, water curtains, foam, cable protection). The credit factors are combined and appHed to the fire and explosion index value to result in a net index. 

Include operator emergency response to indications of a seal leak in written operating procedures... 

If operating procedures need to be developed from scratch, this could account for a considerable portion of the pre-startup work. If current, valid standard operating procedures exist, and the toll is only introducing a new set of batch instructions, the task becomes simpler. However, it is recommended that the new batch instructions are reviewed simultaneously with the existing startup, shutdown, normal and emergency operating procedures for the equipment to help ensure potential process deviations are examined and addressed. 

Other information may also benefit the PHA. Standard operating procedures for processing equipment, safe work practices, maintenance or job safety analyses, emergency response plans could be appropriate review items for some PHAs depending upon the toll. 

Does the facility have written operating procedures for emergency shutdown ... 

Standard operating procedures, maintenance procedures, emergency response plan procedures, administrative procedures, safe work practices... 

Improved Operating Procedures 11. Segregate process waste waters from stormwater systems. 12. Optimize the frequency of tank and equipment cleaning. 13. Prevent solids and oily wastes from entering the drainage system. 14. Establish and maintain an emergency preparedness and response plan. 

Procedural—Using operating procedures, administrative checks, emergency response, and other management approaches to prevent incidents, or to minimize the effects of an incident e.g., hot-work procedures and permits. These approaches are commonly referred to as administrative controls. 

A team consists of two or more people that know the process technology, design, operating procedures, practices, alarms, emergency procedures, test and maintenance procedures, routine and non-routine tasks. They must consider authorization and procurement of parts and supplies, safety and health standards, codes, specifications and regulations. The team leader provides m.iriagcment and goals to the process the team and consultants construct and interpret the analyses. 

All employees, working with highly hazardous chemicals must understand the safety and health hazards (29CFR1910.1200 - the Hazard Communication Standard) by knowing the properties of the chemicals with which they work, safe operating procedures, work practices, and emergency action. 

Many of the difficulties in using operating procedures stem from the fact that the conditions for applying a given section or branch and the conditions for completing or transferring to another section are not clearly specified. This is particularly important in emergency situations where a choice must be made under time pressure and excessive workload. 

Documents such as job descriptions, operating manuals, emergency procedures, accident, and "near-accident" records, can be useful sources of information about the task to be studied. Pipework and instrumentation diagrams can also be used to gain an insight into the complexity of the process, the type of control loops installed, and the process parameters to be manually controlled by the workers. 

Plant procedures for start-up. shutdown, nonnal operation and emergencies... 

A pre-startup safety review is a special safety review that is conducted after a modification to the process or operating conditions has been made and before the startup. In this review a team of reviewers ensures that (1) the system is constructed in accordance with the design specifications, (2) the safety, maintenance, operating, and emergency procedures are in place, (3) the appropriate training is completed, and (4) the recommendations from the PHA are implemented or resolved. 

Additional changes were made in the operating and emergency procedure. They included... 

In the pilot plant stage, additional material becomes available so that the reaction hazards can be investigated more extensively. Process control features and deviations from normal operating conditions can be checked. Operating procedures can be drafted and checked. Emergency procedures can be defined. 

Hazardous Materials Response Team An organized group of trained response personnel operating under an emergency response plan and appropriate standard operating procedures, who are expected to perform work to handle and control actual or potential leaks or spills of hazardous materials requiring close approach to the material to control or stabilize an incident. 

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