Nose drops

When a patient is to have nose drops instilled for nasal congestion, the nurse examines the nasal passages and describes the type of secretions present in the nose The nurse also should obtain the blood pressure because nose drops that contain adrenergic dragp are not given to those with high blood pressure... 

Dermal exposure also occurs through the use of phenol-containing ointments, ear and nose drops, analgesic rubs (Douglas 1972), and antiseptic lotions (Musto et al. 1977). It is not possible to estimate dose levels for these sources given the available data. 

The therapy of atrophic rhinitis by means of vitamin A-containing nose drops showed that high-dose topical application of the vitamin leads to the restitution of mefaplastically modified nasal mucosa, side effects, especially differentiation impairments, were not reported (Breuninger and Kahn, 1960 Duncan and Briggs, 1962). 

Fiji. Fresh leaf juice is used as a nose drop for headache. Fresh root is taken orally for heart diseases . 

Do not take any other medications without first checking with me. These medications include over-the-counter medicines bought without prescription, such as cold tablets, nose drops, cough medicine, and diet pills. 

Phenol is toxic to bacteria and fungi, and it is used as a slimicide and disinfectant. Because of its anesthetic effects, phenol is used in medicines such as ointments, ear and nose drops, cold sore lotions, throat lozenges and sprays (such as those sold under die Cepastat and Chloraseptic labels), and antiseptic lotions (EPA, 2002). 

A pharmaceutical house wishes to prepare a nonirritating nose-drop preparation. To do this, it will put the active agent in a "normal saline" solution, which is merely 0.90% NaCl by weight. What quantities of material will be needed if it is desired to make 3000 gal of nose-drop solution that is normal saline and contains 0.10% active agent (The density of 0.90% NaCl solution is 1.005 g/ml.)... 

Findlay CA, Macdonald JF, Wallace AM, Geddes N, Donaldson MD. Childhood Cushing s syndrome induced by betamethasone nose drops, and repeat prescriptions. BMJ 1998 317(7160) 739-40. 

Oxymetazoline (Afrin, Visine, many others). This drug is used in nose drops and nasal sprays to decrease nasal congestion through alpha- 1-mediated vasoconstriction. Higher or systemic doses may also cause hypotension, presumably because central nervous system (CNS) alpha-2 receptors are stimulated in a manner similar to clonidine (see Alpha-2-Selective Agonists ). Oxymetazoline can also be administered as eye drops to decrease redness and minor eye irritation. 

Pontiroli et al. [76] looked at the intranasal absorption of calcitonin in normal subjects. Their study included six healthy volunteers who had no family history of endocrine or metabolic diseases. Human calcitonin (Cibacalcin Ciba-Geigy) was administered intravenously or mixed with sodium glycocholate, a surfactant, in distilled water and instilled as nose drops. Plasma concentrations of calcitonin were found to be consistently higher when compared with intranasal administration of... 

ACE INHIBITORS, ADRENERGIC NEURONE BLOCKERS SYMPATHOMIMETICS i hypotensive effect. Note there is a risk of interactions even with topical sympathomimetics (eye and nose drops) Adrenergic neurone blockers act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine. Sympathomimetics stimulate adrenergic receptors, which causes a rise in BP Monitor BP at least weekly until stable... 

Clonidine (Catapres) is an imidazoline which is an agonist to ctj-adrenoceptors (postsynaptic) in the brain, stimulation of which suppresses S5unpathetic outflow and reduces blood pressure. At high doses it also activates peripheral a -adrenoceptors (pre-synaptic autoreceptors) on the adrenergic nerve ending these mediate negative feedback suppression of noradrenaline release. In overdose clonidine can stimulate peripheral Oj-adrenoceptors (postsynaptic) and thus cause hypertension by vasoconstriction. Clonidine was discovered to be hypotensive, not by the pharmacologists who tested it in the laboratory but by a physician who used it on himself as nose drops for a common cold. The tl is 6 h. 

Methylcellulose Methylated cellulose with a methoxy content of about 6-15% Solutions are stable at pH 2-12 but coagulate or precipitate in presence of SO% C02 or PO% Ophthalmic and burn preparations, nose drops and ointments... 

Hillerdal G. Adverse reaction to locally applied preservatives in nose drops. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 1985 47(5) 278-9. 

Feinberg AR, Feinberg SM. The nose drop nose due to oxymetazoline (Afrin) and other topical vasoconstrictors. IMJ 111 Med J 1971 140(l) 50-2. 

Abuse of alpha-adrenoceptor agonist nose-drops can cause a chronic rhinitis (14) and psychoses (15). 

Silver compounds are still used in medicine to a limited extent, notably in dermatological formulations, nose-drops. 

Benzalkonium chloride Exacerbation of rhinitis (nose-drops) (2)... 

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