Convulsions, associated with

Epileptic seizures affect 0.5% of the population, are more common in the young and, except for partial seizures, often decrease with age. Convulsions associated with metabolic disturbances are not considered to be epileptic. 

Anon Acute convulsions associated with endrin poisoning— Pakistan. MMIVR 33 687-688, 693, 1984... 

Preeclampsia/eclampsia/nephritis (magnesium sulfate) - Prevention and control of convulsions of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia and for control of hypertension, encephalopathy, and convulsions associated with acute nephritis in children. 

There have been a few reported cases of convulsions. Association with drug use or preexisting conditions is not clear. 

Most convulsions associated with flumazenil administration require treatment and have been successfully managed with benzodiazepines, phenytoin, or barbiturates. 

Acute nephritis in chiidren To control hypertension, encephalopathy, and convulsions associated with acute nephritis in children. 

Convulsions associated with fever often occur in children 3 months to 5 years of age. Epilepsy later develops in approximately 2 to 3% of children who exhibit one or more such febrile seizures. Most authorities now recommend prophylactic treatment with anticonvulsant drugs only to patients at highest risk for development of epilepsy and for those who have multiple recurrent febrile seizures. Phenobarbital is the usual drug, although diazepam is also effective. Phenytoin and carba-mazepine are ineffective, and valproic acid may cause hepatotoxicity in very young patients. 

The third compound was CNS-active (target H). The feasible dose levels in animals were limited to five or six times the anticipated human dose due to convulsions associated with mortality. In FETAX (Table 4), the majority of malformed larvae were noted at the top dose of the standard range (1-62.5 mg/L) and included microencephaly and eye defects. As with the two other false positive compounds, no solubility issues were noted. Interestingly at the dose of 62.5 mg/L, all larvae appeared anesthetized, remaining stationary and not reacting to touch, probably in relation with its pharmacological activity. 

Neuromuscular blocking drugs (ie, succinylcholine) are occasionally used to attenuate the peripheral (motor) manifestations of convulsions associated with status epilepticus or local anesthetic toxicity. Although this approach is effective in eliminating the muscular manifestations of the seizures, it has no effect on the central processes because neuromuscular blocking drugs do not cross the blood-brain barrier. 

N.A. Camphor oil, d-bomeol.105 Internally for fainting, convulsions associated with high fever, cholera, pneumonia. Externally for rheumatism, ringworm, abscesses, boils, cold sores, mouth ulcers. 

Hamed M, Mitchell H, Clow DJ. Hyponatraemic convulsion associated with desmopressin and imipramine treatment. BMJ 1993 306(6886) 1169. 

Convulsions associated with typical neuroleptic drugs are relatively rare (probably less than 1%) (SED-9, 81 169). 

SAFETY PROFILE Poison by intravenous, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Serious physiological consequences from abuse of absinthe (mainly in France) led to its aboKtion in 1915. Wormwood is still used in concentrations of less than 10 ppm in flavored wines. Thujone at 30 mg/kg causes convulsions associated with lesions of the cerebral cortex. Little is known of thujone metabolism. Both forms occur in wormwood oil, oak moss. The a form is major constituent of cedar leaf oil or oil of thuja, sage. The p form occurs in tansy, yarrow. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. 

Fish DR, Espir ML. Convulsions associated with prophylactic antimalarial drugs implications for people with epilepsy. BMJ 1988 297(6647) 526-7. 

Smith PA, Macdonald TR, Jones CS. Convulsions associated with halothane anaesthesia. Two case reports. Anaesthesia 1966 21(2) 229-33. 

Hartman S. Convulsion associated with fever following hepatitis B vaccination. J Paediatr Child Health 1990 26(1) 65. 

An isolated report describes convulsions associated with the use of propofol with topical cocaine. Cocaine abuse may increase the risk of cardiovascular complications during inhalational anaesthesia. Abstinence from cocaine or the avoidance of anaesthetics with sympathomimetic properties has been suggested. 

Thujone (21), a major component of wormwood, Artemisia absinthum, was once a major flavoring of the liquor absinthe (Arnold, 1989 Harbome, 1991). At doses of 30 mg/kg of body weight, thujone produces convulsions associated with lesions of the cerebral cortex. Thujone is also a major constituent of cedar leaf oil Thuja occidentalis) and an important component of sage (Salvia officinalis) (Alfaro, 1981). 

Marri S, Coventry D. Convulsions associated with ropivacaine 300 mg for brachial plexus block. Br J Anaesth 2009 102(4) 562-3. 

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