Coatings titanium nitride

Ti02 (nanotubes or nanoparticles) were used as the precursor to the corresponding nitride. Nitrides were prepared by nitriding equal amounts of Ti02 (NPs or NTs) and melamine in NH3 at 900 C using slow ramp rates. This resulted in a series of carbon-coated titanium nitrides. Pure TiN phases were also synthesized in the absence of melamine to study any effects that are purely a result of the nitride. 

Decorative. Titanium nitride has a golden color and is used extensively to coat steel and cemented carbide substrates for watch cases, watch bands, eyeglass frames, etc. It provides exceUent scratch resistance as weU as the desired aesthetic appearance, and it replaces gold coatings used previously. 

Ceramic-coated disposable inserts, including silicon nitride, boron nitride, titanium nitride (TIN), titanium carbide (TIC) and sintered synthetic diamond ... 

Titanium carbide and titanium nitride coatings for carbide tools that greatly outperform uncoated tools and are taking an increasing share of the market. 

DLC coatings are already in production in several areas (optical and IR windows) and appear particularly well-suited for abrasion and wear applications due to their high hardness and low coefficient of friction. They have an extremely smooth surface and can be deposited with little restriction of geometry and size (as opposed to CVD diamond). These are important advantages and DLC coatings will compete actively with existing hard coatings, such as titanium carbide, titanium nitride, and other thin film... 

Titanium nitride (TiN) is an important industrial material used extensively as a CVD coating. Its characteristics and properties are summarized in Table 10.7. 

Reduction Reactions. Titanium nitride coatings are produced by CVD with titanium tetrachloride as the metal source and either nitrogen gas or ammonia as a source of nitrogen ... 

CVD titanium nitride (TiN) is the most important interstitial-nitride coating from an application standpoint. It is used extensively to provide wear resistance and as a diffusion barrier and antireflection coating in semiconductor devices. 1 °]... 

Titanium Nitride. TiN is chemically stable. TiN forms an excellent diffusion barrier and has a low coefficient of friction. As such, it is well suited for reducing corrosion, erosion, and galling. It is used extensively as a coating for gear components and tube- and wire-drawing dies. 

Sputter coating of watches, frames for eyeglass and similar items with titanium nitride. 

Nitride Coatings. Carbide tips coated with titanium nitride or titanium carbonitride are usually manufactured by a CVD process using T1CI4, H4, and N2 in a hot-wall reactor. 

Chemical vapor deposition is used industrially to deposit protective hard coatings on metal objects. Common coatings are titanium carbide (TiC), titanium nitride (TiN), titanium oxycarbide (TiCxOy), titanium carbonitride (TiCxNy), titanium oxycarbonitride (TiCxNyOz).91 Coatings based on TiC... 

Abstract. The thin-film protective coat of titanium nitride (TiN) plotted to stainless steel (brand 12X18H10T) is explored. The mathematical model and methods of parametric identification are described. Kinetic parameters of hydrogen permeability through stainless steel membrane with TiN protective coat are determined. 

The investigated samples were stainless steel (12X18H10T) membranes with diameter 40 mm and thickness 0.2 mm. Some part of samples was covered by thin titanium nitride film plotted by vacuum ion-plasma sputtering. The typical thickness of the covering was 10 micrometers. Stehiometry of thin-film coats was explored by x-ray analysis method and turned out to be close to ideal. 

The samples without defensive film coat were studied by the method of concentration pulses (MCP) at pressure 0.2 Torr within the range of temperatures 370 -596 °C in order to determine the hydrogen permeability parameters of stainless steel (12X18H10T). The knowledge of these parameters allowed to simplify the problem of parameter identification for titanium nitride. The samples with titanium nitride covering were studied by method of permeability at pressures 0.5-249 Torr and the temperatures 380-670 °C. 

The studied coats based on titanium have partly semiconductor and partly metallic properties. The concentration of the free carriers is around 1019c j 3 i.e. greatly (three orders) less than in metal, but also 3-4 orders more than in semiconductors. The Fermi level in titanium nitride is located in the minimum of the state density formed by intersection of titanium d-zone and p-zone of nitrogen [5] (Fig. 8). Therefore such coats are offered as the most perspective thin-film defensive covering. 

In order to be able to state that a conductive probe works, it should be stable over at least several hours. This is principally a question of the wear resistance of the conductive coating and additionally of its ability to withstand high current densities or the resulting temperature. Within the production process one has to ensure that the very last nanometers of the tip are conductive [440]. Conductive diamond and other commercially available hard coatings (tungsten carbide, W2C, and titanium nitride, TiN), as well as some other metals evaporated in our in-house production, are used in our studies. 

In operation containers constructed of microwave-transparent materials, (e.g. quartz or fluoropolymers), are used to hold multiple samples inside the ultraCLAVE . The interior of the stainless steel vessel is protected by a titanium nitride or multi-layer PTFE plasma coating for complete acid and chemical resistance. Sample containers may be open or covered by a lid. After the samples are loaded (manually or robotically) the ultraCLAVE cover is lowered into place by an electric motor controlled from the system s PC. The vessel closure is engaged and secured in place to seal the ultraCLAVE for high pressure operation. 

Ternary phases with structures different from those of the phases of the binary boundary systems are more the exception than the rule. Such phases have been reported in the systems Nb-Mo-N, Ta-Mo-N, Nb-Ta-N, Zr-V-N, Nb-Cr-N, and Ta-Cr-N. Information about ternary transition metal-nitrogen systems is often available for specific temperatmes only. This is even more the case for quaternary nitride systems, which play a role in the production of carbonitride cermets where quaternary compounds of the types (Ti,Mo)(C,N) and (Ti,W)(C,N) are of interest (see Carbides Transition Metal Solid-state Chemistry), as well as in layer technology where titanium nitride-based coatings of the type Ti(C,B,N) are prepared by magnetron sputtering. Layers consisting of ternary compounds of the type (Ti,Al)N and (Ti,V)N also have favorable properties with respect to abrasion resistance. 

Coating life in moist atmospheres is also influenced by the effects of moisture on the substrate-coating interface, and marked improvements in life have been claimed by the use of moisture-protective pre-treatments of the substrate. Niederhauser et al ° studied a wide range of metals and titanium nitride, titanium carbide and chromium carbide as pre-treatments. The material was sputter-deposited on a steel substrate, and then sulphided by introducing hydrogen sulphide into the sputtering chamber in order to improve molybdenum disulphide adhesion. They found a marked improvement in life, particularly with a rhodium or palladium interlayer, but the actual degree of improvement is confused because they also used co-sputtered PTFE, and this is discussed further in Section 10.6. 

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