Cleaning safety problems

It was not nndl the 1950s that detonation flame arresters made of crimped metal ribbon elements were developed and began to be used more freqnendy (Binks 1999). The major impetus for die use of crimped metal ribbon detonation flame arresters in the US was the enactment of clean air legislation (Clean Air Act of 1990) which inadvertently created a safety problem by requiring reductions in volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. To do this, manifolded vent systems (vapor collection systems) were increasingly installed in many chemical process industry plants which captured VOC vapors and transported them to suitable recovery, recycle, or destruction systems. This emission control requirement has led to the introdnction of ignition risks, for example, from a flare or via spontaneous combustion of an activated carbon adsorber bed. Multiple... 

A3. Corrosive action of metal liquids, vapors, and oxides on refractories and metals used in furnace constraction. Accumulation and removal of oxides (dross). Added weight of a liquid bath, compared with a rack of pieces. Charging and unloading problems. Safety and clean-up problems with liquid spills. 

The 2 billion tons of waste coal fines existing in impoundments and ponds is an environmental and safety problem for the coal mining and coal preparation community. Coal fines do not readily dewater, and will remain in suspension in water—the primary transport medium in the coal cleaning processes— for long times. If stocked out and dried, these fines become a fugitive dust emissions source. Morc likely, however, they will be handled by being placed behind the many dams in impoimdments... 

Travelers themselves may have the most to gain from traffic safety or lose from traffic accidents, but they may not behave accordingly if they do not have enough information about the benefits and costs of safety. Presumably drivers have some idea of how speed, alcohol consumption, rest stops, clean windshields, safety belts, vehicle design, tire wear, vehicle maintenance, weather conditions, traffic conditions, and road conditions affect the risks of accident and injury. Some of this information pertains to all drivers, not just an individual so that once one driver learns of these effects other drivers could benefit from the individuaPs learning as well. Such publicness of safety information could lead to under-provision of safety information and poor safety decisions. The lack of sufficient information could cause individuals to choose too little safety and later regret the choice when better information is obtained. While insufficient information is a potential safety problem, considerable information is available now. 

To an experienced operator trained in the handling of industrial chemicals, the dimers present Httle cause for concern in handling or storage. The finished polymer coating presents even less of a health problem contact with the reactive monomer is unlikely. In the ancillary operations, such as cleaning or adhesion promotion, the operator must observe suitable precautions. Before using the process chemicals, operators must read and understand the current Material Safety Data Sheets, which are available from the manufacturers. 

If the contaminant is on the skin or in the eyes, immediate measures should be taken to remove it and counteract its effects. First-aid treatment usually involves flooding the affected area with clean water for at least 15 minutes. For a few chemicals, water may cause more serious problems [1]. The safety plan should anticipate and contain procedures for dealing with such possibilities. 

Process operation for clean process technology. Many of the problems associated with waste from process operations can be mitigated if the process is designed for low inventories of material in the process. This is also compatible with design for inherent safety. Other ways to minimize waste from process operation are7 ... 

The basic considerations for spectrophotometer maintenance are safely and cleanliness. Maintaining a safe and clean work environment ensures a longer life for the instruments and a lower likelihood for problems relating to contamination, broken or misaligned parts, or injury. Solutions spilled on sensitive electronic circuits can render them inoperative. Any spills should be cleaned up immediately according to local safety protocols. 

One place this problem has become especially severe is the nation s national park system. Visitors to national parks have found their enjoyment of the natural scenery compromised by poor air quality that leaves famous and noteworthy features only barely visible. For this reason, one section of the 1977 Amendments to the Clean Air Act provided for a program of monitoring and pollution control in the nation s 156 national parks and wilderness areas. Poor visibility resulting from high particulate concentration has safety effects also. Automobile drivers and airline pilots may find that they are able to see shorter distances and less clearly, increasing the likelihood of accidents involving other vehicles and aircraft. 

---