Cistus ladanifer

ABSTRACT This study forms part of a larger multidisciplinary environmental study of the Lower Guadiana River basin carried out by a joint Portuguese-Spanish research team. It describes the mobility of lead in soil profiles taken over varied lithologies of the Iberian Pyrite Belt and the distribution of this metal with the root, stems and leaves of three plant species native to the area (Cistus ladanifer L., Lavandula luisieri and Thymus vulgaris). Results indicate that at all sample sites the mobility of lead is very low. 

The Guadiana Basin occupies a total area of 66,850 km2 in Spain and Portugal, 8,350 km2 of which comprises the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) one of the world s largest concentrations of base metal sulphide deposits (Leistel et al., 1997 Ribeiro et al., 1990). Three plant species (Cistus ladanifer, Lavandula luisieri and Thymus vulgaris) were utilized in this study. The soils in which these plants were sampled are developed over varied geological formations. The oldest formation (PQ Group, Upper Devonian) consists of a thick sequence of arenites and shales... 

Lead is known to have a very low transport within plants. It is absorbed by the roots but effectively immobilized there (Adriano, 1986). In fact, plants such as Cistus ladanifer L. present low transfer coefficients, consequently the animals that eat these plants have a very low risk of ingesting significant amounts of lead. The bi-plot diagram of soil lead/aerial part lead... 

Contribution of Cistus ladanifer L. to natural attenuation of Cu and Zn in some mine areas of the Iberian Pyrite Belt... 

ABSTRACT The comparison between four groups of soils and rock rose plants (Cistus ladanifer L.) developed on these soils was made using three mine areas of different ages (Neves Corvo, Brancanes, Monte dos Mestres) and a control area (Lombador). Copper and zinc soil-plant relationship was different in Neves Corvo, ongoing exploitation of copper and zinc, when compared with the control area... 

KEYWORDS Cistus ladanifer L., mining areas, mines... 

The rock rose (Cistus ladanifer L.) is a typical Mediterranean plant well adapted to thin soils with low nutritional characteristics and water holding capacity as some of those found in the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) (Carvalho Cardoso, 1965). This metallogenetic province is renowned by the existence of important polymetallic massive sulfide deposits and because was exploited for base metals since pre-Roman times. 

The comparison between Tuckey and Dunnett tests indicated that the reference area of Lombador presents significant differences with the ongoing exploitation of Neves Corvo Cu and Zn mine. On the contrary, Cu relationship of soil-plant is similar in the Lombador control area and in Brancanes which is abandoned over a century. This fact suggests that natural attenuation effects on Cu in the soil-plant system have already happened in Brancanes mining area. The rock rose species (Cistus ladanifer, L.) seems to play an important role in the natural... 

Alvarenga, P Araujo, M.F., Silva, J.A. 2004. Elemental uptake and root-leaves transfer in Cistus ladanifer L. Growing in a contaminated Pyrite Mining Area (Aljustrel-Portugal). Water, Air and Soil Polution, 152, 81-96. 

Kidd, P.S DIez, J., Monterroso Martinez, C. 2004. Tolerance and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in five populations of Cistus ladanifer L. subsp. Ladanifer. Plant and Soil, 258, 189-205. 

Sosa, T., Chaves, N., Alias, J. C., Escudero, J. C., Henao, F., and Gutierrez-Merino, C. (2004). Inhibition of mouth skeletal muscle relaxation by flavonoids of Cistus ladanifer... 

Xylosyl(l 6)glucoside Cistus ladanifer pollen Cistaceae 311... 

Tomas-Lorente, F., Flavonoids from Cistus ladanifer bee pollen. Phytochemistry, 31, 2027, 1992. 

Labdanum absolute and Labdanum oil are obtained from labdanum gum, which is exuded when twigs of Cistus ladanifer L. (Cistaceae) are boiled in water. 

Other odoriferous materials are derived from the leaves and young twigs of Cistus ladanifer. Cistus oil is obtained by steam distillation solvent extraction yields cistus concrete. Cistus oil, in contrast to labdanum oil, consists mainly of monoter-pene hydrocarbons. 

Cistus ladanifer (family Cistaceae) A perennial shrub, distributed in the subtropics and the Mediterranean. It is utilised in the perfumery, cosmetic and soap industries and also as an aromatic in sweets, baking and chewing gum. 

Source Cistus ladanifer L. (syn. C. ladani-ferus L.) and other Cistus species, including C. incanus L. and its subspecies (syn. C. villosus auct. vix L., including C.polymorphus Willk) (Family Cistaceae). 

Shrubs native to the Mediterranean region. Cistus ladanifer is very sticky and fragrant, with white flowers and linear, lance-shaped leaves that are viscid above and densely white woolly beneath up to 3 m high. Parts used are the leaves and twigs. 

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