Labdanum absolute

Labdanum absolute is produced by extraction of the gum with alcohol (e.g., methanol or ethanol). So-called colorless absolutes are obtained from absolutes by extraction with, for example, hexane. 

Labdanum absolute and Labdanum oil are obtained from labdanum gum, which is exuded when twigs of Cistus ladanifer L. (Cistaceae) are boiled in water. 

Labdanum (absolute/oil/resinoid). Absolute and res-inoid are dark brown, highly viscous masses. L. oil is a golden-brown to brown liquid. The odor is warm, spicy, ambergris-like erogenic and somewhat balsamy dry, wood-like. 

Labdanum gum is the oleoresin obtained by boiling the plant material in water the top and bottom layers containing the oleoresin are then separated from the water later and combined. Labdanum oU is obtained from labdanum gum by distillation. The concrete is produced by hydrocarbon solvent extraction of the dried plant materials (which usually contain flowering tops). Labdanum absolute (also called cyste absolute) is produced fix)m the concrete by the usual method (seeglossary). Spain is the major producer of labdanum gum, while France is the major producer of the absolute. 

Labdanum absolute and oil are used as a fixative and/or fragrance component in soaps, detergents, creams, lotions, and perfumes, with maximum use levels of 0.4% and 0.8% reported for the absolute and oil, respectively, in perfumes. 

Labdanum absolute through solvent - extraction of the same and... 

Cistus and labdanum products come from Mediterranean countries, mainly Spain, where the Cistus shrub grows abundantly. They are used widely in perfumery, giving perfume compositions a warm, balsamic tonality with a touch of ambergris. The typical odor originates from a number of compounds which are formed by oxidative degradation of diterpenes with labdane skeleton, which are the main constituents of labdanum gum [284a, 558 565aj. The resinoids and absolutes are excellent natural fixatives. FCT 1976 (14) p.335 [8016-26-0], [89997-74-0]. 

The tricyclic ether AMBROX 4, first synthezised in 1950 [IZj. was later found as a constituent of ambergris f 181. oriental tobacco f Demole. E.. Firmenich SA. unpublished data , clary sage (Renold, W. Keller, U. Ohloff,G. Firmenich SA. unpublished data) and ciste labdanum (Renold, W. Wuffli, F. Ohioff, G. Firmenich SA. unpublished data). The absolute configuration of the natural (-)-form is determined by the configuration of the starting material (-)-sciareol 5. 

Both labdanum oil and cyste absolute have been reported to be nonirritating, nonsensitizing, and nonphototoxic to human skin. ... 

GUM LABDANUM is a dark-brown to black resin obtained from a species of evergreen shrubs known as Cistus and native to the Mediterranean region. Its flavor is bitter its odor fragrant. Absolute and soluble forms are sold. Medicinally it is used as a stimulant and industrially as a perfume fixative. 

Labdanum resin absolute through alcohol extraction of the crude resin. 

---