Chromium acetate fluoride

The anhydrous hahdes, chromium (II) fluoride [10049-10-2], chromium (II) bromide [10049-25-9], CrBr2, chromium (II) chloride [10049-05-5], CrCl2, and chromium (II) iodide [13478-28-9], 03x1, are prepared by reaction of the hydrohaUde and pure Cr metal at high temperatures, or anhydrous chromium (II) acetate [15020-15-2], Cr2(CH2COO)4, atlower temperatures, or by hydrogen reduction of the Cr(III) hahde at about 500—800°C (2,12). 

With each of these four groups the procedure is as described later. In the first place, however, the colouring matter is investigated with reference to its tintorial properties by means of dyeing tests on non-mordanted cotton or wool, on wool mordanted with aluminium sulphate and cream of tartar, on wool mordanted with chromium fluoride and cream of tartar, on cotton mordanted with tannin and then with tartar emetic, on cotton mordanted with aluminium acetate and on cotton mordanted with chromium acetate. 

The cobalt complex is usually formed in a hot acetate-acetic acid medium. After the formation of the cobalt colour, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid is added to decompose the complexes of most of the other heavy metals present. Iron, copper, cerium(IV), chromium(III and VI), nickel, vanadyl vanadium, and copper interfere when present in appreciable quantities. Excess of the reagent minimises the interference of iron(II) iron(III) can be removed by diethyl ether extraction from a hydrochloric acid solution. Most of the interferences can be eliminated by treatment with potassium bromate, followed by the addition of an alkali fluoride. Cobalt may also be isolated by dithizone extraction from a basic medium after copper has been removed (if necessary) from acidic solution. An alumina column may also be used to adsorb the cobalt nitroso-R-chelate anion in the presence of perchloric acid, the other elements are eluted with warm 1M nitric acid, and finally the cobalt complex with 1M sulphuric acid, and the absorbance measured at 500 nm. 

For formation of anticorrosive and adhesion-improving protective layers on metals the cleaned surface is treated with aqueous acidic solution containing molybdate, chromium fluoride, phosphate, acetate, and Zn ions. As dispersant a mixture of 60% alkali salt of a phosphate ester, 20% alkylpolyglucoside, and 20% fatty alcohol ethoxylate was applied. This method passivates the metal surface by formation of an anticorrosive and protective layer that improves adhesion of subsequent coatings. 

Dermal Effects. Skin irritation was noted in wildlife officers at the RMA after they handled sick or dead ducks without gloves (NIOSH 1981). Although the investigators concluded that diisopropyl methylphosphonate contributed to the local effects, a number of other compounds were present. Analysis of the pond water indicated the presence of a number of organic and inorganic contaminants, including diisopropyl methylphosphonate (11.3 ppm) aldrin (0.368 ppm) dieldrin (0.0744 ppm) dicyclo-pentadiene, bicycloheptadiene, diethyl benzene, dimethyl disulfide, methyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, and sodium (49,500 ppm) chloride (52,000 ppm) arsenic (1,470 ppm) potassium (180 ppm) fluoride (63 ppm) copper (2.4 ppm) and chromium (0.27 ppm). Because of the presence of numerous compounds, it is unclear whether diisopropyl methylphosphonate was related to the irritation. 

Chromate conversion coatings for aluminum are carried out in acidic solutions. These solutions usually contain one chromium salt, such as sodium chromate or chromic acid and a strong oxidizing agent such as hydrofluoric acid or nitric acid. The final film usually contains both products and reactants and water of hydration. Chromate films are formed by the chemical reaction of hexavalent chromium with a metal surface in the presence of accelerators such as cyanides, acetates, formates, sulfates, chlorides, fluorides, nitrates, phosphates, and sulfamates. 

CrXi, which dissolve in water with the evolution of heal, although the fluoride is less soluble than the other halides. The ammoniacal solution of chromium(II) sulfate, CrS04, is particularly reactive with gases, not only with oxygen like the other Cr compounds, but also acetylene. Chromium(II) acetate is only slightly soluble in HiO... 

A solution containing 10% of chromium fluoride and 5% of sodium acetate. 

Chromium fluoride (10 grams of chromium fluoride and 5 grams of sodium acetate in 100 c.c of water). 

The limited applications of this technique, to date include fluoride, chloride, bromide, nitrite, nitrate, sulphate, sulphide, phosphate, amino acetate, chlorodicarboxylic acids, volatile organic acids and chromium(VI). 

NIOSH REL (Chromium(VI)) TWA 0.025 mg(Cr(VI))/mh CL 0.05/15M SAFETY PROFILE Confirmed human carcinogen. Poison by subcutaneous route. Mutation data reported. A powerful oxidizer. A powerful irritant of skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Can cause a dermatitis, bronchoasthma, chrome holes, damage to the eyes. Dangerously reactive. Incompatible with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, tetrahydronaphthalene, acetone, alcohols, alkali metals, ammonia, arsenic, bromine penta fluoride, butyric acid, n,n-dimethylformamide, hydrogen sulfide, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, potassium hexacyanoferrate, pyridine, selenium. 

GLICERINA (Spanish) (56-81-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 390°F/199°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, calcium hypochloride, chlorine, chromic anhydride, chromium oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus triiodide, potassium permanganate, potassium peroxide, silver perchlorate, sodium hydride, sodium peroxide, sodium triiodide, sodium tetrahydroborate. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, uranium fluoride. Able to polymerize above 293°F/145°C. 

Colored salts like copper, chromium, cobalt, and nickel will reduce the sensitivity of the test, and all heavy metals are expected to interfere. No elements are stated to give a false positive reaction, but a number of ions can interfere. Reductants, like tin(II), can reduce Fe to Fe and will (ultimately) give a false negative result. Ions capable of forming strong complexes with the ions of the test are another cause of interference. Fluoride, acetate, oxalate, and tartrate are examples. 

Reaction of tiichloroacetaldehyde with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of chromium-based catalysts gives CFs-CHO.HF which, on treatment with an alkoxysilane (RO)4Si or with ROH-SiCU (R = Me, Et, Pr, or n-CsHu), yields the corresponding hemiacetals CF3-CH(OH)OR (69— 92%) the acetal I-----------------------1... 

Benzyl alcohol Chromium fluoride (ic) Methylene blue trihydrate Vat brown 1 dyeing, wool sheepskins 1 -Amino-2-methylanthraquinone dyeing/finishing, textiles Isoamyl acetate... 

Ammonium dichromate Ammonium molybdate Ammonium nitrate Ammonium sulfate Barium carbonate Barium chloride Barium nitrate Borax Boric acid Caldum oxide Chromium trioxide Citric acid Potassium thiocyanate Sodium acetate Sodium aluminum fluoride Sodium bicarbonate Sodium chlorate Sodium chloride Sodium nitrate Sodium sulfate Triphenyl phosphate Ammonium chloride Ammonium fluoride Copper sulfate Magnesium chloride Oxalic acid Aluminum chloride Calcium chloride Ferric chloride Potassium permanganate Sodium carbonate Sodium fluoride... 

---