2- Chloropropane chloride

In an attempt to prepare propylbenzene a chemist alkylated benzene with 1 chloropropane and aluminum chloride However two isomeric hydrocarbons were obtained m a ratio of 2 1 the desired propylbenzene being the minor component What do you think was the major product How did it anse ... 

The dkect high temperature chlorination of propylene continues to be the primary route for the commercial production of aHyl chloride. The reaction results in aHyl chloride selectivities of 75—80% from propylene and about 75% from chlorine. Additionally, a significant by-product of this reaction, 1,3-dichloropropene, finds commercial use as an effective nematocide when used in soil fumigation. Overall efficiency of propylene and chlorine use thus is significantly increased. Remaining by-products include 1,2-dichloropropane, 2-chloropropene, and 2-chloropropane. 

As shown, ia the case of chlotination of aEyl chloride, the resonance states of the chloroaEyl radical iatermediates are not symmetrical and their propagation reactions lead to the two different dichloropropene isomers ia an approximate 10 90 ratio (26). In addition, similar reactions result ia further substitution and addition with products such as trichloropropanes, trichloropropenes, tetrachloropropanes, etc ia diminisbing amounts. Propylene dimerization products such as 1,5-hexadiene, benzene, 1-chloropropane, 2-chloropropane, high boiling tars, and coke are also produced ia smaE amounts. 

The feed streams should be reasonably pure to limit yield losses and protect the purity of the final products. Typically, polymer-grade propylene with 99.5% purity is employed propane impurity can react to undesirable 1-chloropropane (bp 46.6°C), which is very difficult to separate from aHyl chloride (bp 45°C). Both propylene and chlorine should be dry to prevent corrosion in downstream equipment where mixtures with HCl occur. 

Product Recovery. The aHyl chloride product is recovered through the use of several fractional distillation steps. Typically, the reactor effluent is cooled and conducted into an initial fractionator to separate the HCl and propylene from the chloropropenes, dichloropropanes, dichloropropenes, and heavier compounds. The unconverted propylene is recycled after removal of HCl, which can be accompHshed by adsorption in water or fractional distillation (33,37,38) depending on its intended use. The crude aHyl chloride mixture from the initial fractionator is then subjected to a lights and heavies distillation the lighter (than aHyl chloride) compounds such as 2-chloropropene, 1-chloropropene, and 2-chloropropane being the overhead product of the first column. AHyl chloride is then separated in the second purification column as an overhead product. Product purities can exceed 99.0% and commercial-grade aHyl chloride is typicaHy sold in the United States in purities about 99.5%. 

Chloropropane Propyl chloride 198 C4H7CI Methyl mercaptan Methanethiol 181 CH4S... 

Chloropropane Isopropyl chloride 199 C,H,Cl 2-Methylpentane Isohexane 24 QHi4... 

Primary alkyl chlorides are fairly stable to fluorine displacement. When fluorinated, 1-chloropropane is converted to 1-chloroheptafluoropropane and 1-chloto-2-methylbutane produces 39% l-chlorononafluoro-2-methylbutane and 19% perfluoro-2-methylbutane. Secondary and tertiary alkyl chlorides can undergo 1,2-chlorine shifts to afford perfluonnated primary alkyl chlorides 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane gives l-chlorononafluoro-2-methylpropane, and three products are obtained by the fluorination of 3-chloropentane [7] (equation 1). Aerosol fluorina-tion of dichloromethane produces dichlorodifluoromethane which is isolated in 98% purity [4 (equation 2). If the molecule contains only carbon and halogens, the picture is different. Molecular beam analysis has shown that the reaction of fluorine with carbon tetrachlonde, lodotrichloromethane, or bromotrichloromethane proceeds first by abstraction of halogen to form a trichloromethyl radical [5]... 

Condensation of normeperidine (81) with 3-chloropropan-l-ol affords the compound possessing the alcohol side chain (88). The hydroxyl is then converted to chlorine by means of thionyl chloride (89) displacement of the halogen by aniline yields pimino-dine (90). ° Condensation of the secondary amine, 81, with styrene oxide affords the alcohol, 91 removal of the benzyllic hydroxyl group by hydrogenolysis leads to pheneridlne (92). ... 

The stream of dry air is continued for about six hours or until most of the hydrogen chloride has been expelled and then another 55 grams of thionyl chloride is added. The reaction mixture is allowed to stand twenty-four hours, a few drops of pyridine are added and the mixture heated 4 hours on the steam bath. The cooled reaction mixture is poured into water, the crude product is washed with dilute sodium bicarbonate solution and finally taken up in benzene. The benzene is distilled at ordinary pressure and the residue distilled in vacuo to yield 60-70% of Tphenoxy-2-chloropropane, BP 93°-94°C/5 mm. 

Aromatic compounds such as benzene react with alkyl chlorides in Ihe presence of AlCl i catalyst to yield alkylbenzenes. The reaction occurs through a carbocation intermediate, formed by reaction of the alkyl chloride with AICI3 (R—Cl + A1CI 1 - U+ + AICl4 ). How can you explain the observaiion that reaction of benzene with 1-chloropropane yields isopropylbenzene as the major product ... 

CK1H14N4 43171-03-5) see Azapropazone 2-dimethylamino-l-methyIethyl chloride see under l-dimethylamino-2-chloropropane... 

A facile exothermic reaction, catalysed by traces of zinc chloride and iron(III) chloride (4 and 40 ppm, respectively) to produce isopropyl propionate and 2-chloropropane (b.p., 35°C) led to pressure build up and bursting of a closed galvanised drum after 24 h. Similar reactions are thermodynamically possible with other acid chlorides and ethers (particularly if secondary or tertiary alkyl ethers), so such mixtures should only be prepared immediately prior to use. 

The initiation mechanism comprises nucleophilic attack of the metal chloride at the least-hindered carbon. Thus hydrolysis of the 1 1 reaction product of (251) with PO yields l-chloropropan-2-ol.937... 

The fact that 3-chloro-and 3-acetoxy-l,2-propanediol give,398 respectively, 2-acetoxy-l,3-dichloropropane and l,2-diacetoxy-3-chloropropane with 2-acetoxy-2-methylbutanoyl chloride suggested that the regiospecificity is controlled by steric factors, but electronic factors may assume a dominant role in certain cases. Thus, 1-phenyl-... 

Predictably, 1,2,4-triazole is alkylated preferentially at the 1-position [36, 38,39]. Specific alkylation at the 4-position can be achieved by the initial reaction with dibromomethane to form the bis-triazol-l-ylmethane (see below), followed by quat-emization of the triazole system at the 4-position and subsequent C-N cleavage of the 1,1 -methylenebistriazolium salts [40]. 1,2,3-Benztriazole yields a mixture of the isomeric 1- and 2-alkylated derivatives [41]. The 1-isomer predominates, but the ratio depends on whether the reactions are conducted in the presence, or absence, of a nonpolar organic solvent (Table 5.33). Higher ratios of the 1-isomer are obtained under solidrliquid two-phase conditions. Thus, alkylation of 1,2,3-benztriazole with benzyl chloride produces an overall yield of 95% with the l- 2-isomer ratio of ca. 5.7 1 similar reactions with diphenylmethyl and triphenylmethyl chlorides gives overall yields of 95% (9 1 ratio) and 70% (100% 1-isomer), respectively [38], 6-Substituted purines are alkylated at the N9-atom and reaction with 1-bromo-3-chloropropane yields exclusively the 9-chloropropyl derivative (cf. reaction wi phenols) [42]. 

Biological. Soil water cultures converted l,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane to 1-propanol, bromide, and chloride ions. Precursors to the alcohol formation include allyl chloride and allyl alcohol (Castro and Belser, 1968). 

Synonyms AI3-03545 BRN 0079785 Caswell No. 424 CCRIS 277 l-Chloro-2,3-epoxypro-pane 3-Chloro-l,2-epoxypropane (Chloromethyl)ethylene oxide (Chloromethyl)oxirane 2-(Chloromethyl)oxirane 2-Chloropropylene oxide y-Chloropropylene oxide 3-Chloro-l,2-propyl-ene oxide ECH EINECS 203-439-8 EPA pesticide chemical code 097201 a-Epichlorohydrin (d -a-Epichlorohydrin Epichlorophydrin l,2-Epoxy-3-chloropropane 2,3-Epoxy propyl chloride Glycerol epichlorohydrin NCI-C07001 NSC 6747 RCRA waste number U041 UN 2023. 

Aldicarb nitrile, see Aldicarb Aldicarb nitrile sulfone, see Aldicarb Aldicarb nitrile sulfoxide, see Aldicarb Aldicarb oxime, see Aldicarb Aldicarb oxime sulfone, see Aldicarb Aldicarb oxime sulfoxide, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfone, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfone acid, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfone alcohol, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfone aldehyde, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfone amide, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfone oxime, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide acid, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide alcohol, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide aldehyde, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide amide, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide nitrile, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide oxime, see Aldicarb Aldrin, see Dieldrin Aldrin diol, see Aldrin Alkyl hydroperoxides, see Acetaldehyde Allyl alcohol, see Allyl chloride, l,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,2-Dichloropropane Allylbenzene, see Isopropylbenzene p-(2-Atnino-3-nitrophenyl)glucopyranoside, see 2-Nitroaniline Allyl chloride, see Allyl alcohol, l,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,2-Dichloropropane 2-Aminobenzimidazole, see Benomvl... 

The CERCLA Priority List of Hazardous Substances contains many substances released in industry as gaseous hazards and which can be treated biotechnologically (Table 1), including the following chloroform, trichloroethylene, 1,2-dibromoethane, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, carbontetrachloride, xylenes, dibromochloropropane, toluene, methane, methylene chloride, 1,1-dichloroethene, fow(2-chloroethyl) ether, 1,2-dichloroethane, chlorine, 1,1,2-trichloroethane,... 

The low structural specificity of the antihistamines has already been noted. It is perhaps not too surprising, therefore, to find Lhat attachment of the basic side chain directly onto one of the. iromatic rings affords active compounds. In an unusual reaction reminiscent of the Claisen rearrangement, benzyl chloride affords the substituted phenol, 46, on heating with phenol itself. Alkyl-.ition of 46 with 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride gives phenyltolox-.imine (47).Alkylation of that same intermediate (46) with 1-bromo-2-chloropropane, leads to 48. Use of that halide to alkyl-,ite piperidine gives the antihistamine, pirexyl (49). ... 

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