Chemokine expression

Current evidence suggests that PPAR activation may limit inflammation and hence atherosclerosis. Both PPAR-a and PPAR-y can reduce T-cell activation, as shown by decreased production of EFN-y. PPAR-a agonists also rqness endothelial VCAM-1 expression and inhibit the inflammatory activation of vascular SMCs, while PPAR-y agonists repress endothelial chemokine expression and decrease macrophage MMP production. 

Besides the clear role for chemokines in modulating recruitment of cells into the CNS in HIV infection, and the potential role for chemokines to directly modulate neuronal signaling, recent evidence has suggested a link between CNS chemokine expression and enhancement of excitotoxic injury through enhancement of glutamate... 

It is well established that NF-kB signaling plays a critical role in inflammation and immunity. Understanding the mechanism of NF-kB involvement in opioid receptor activation and chemokine expression may provide a vital key to understanding this complex signaling network. However, the elucidation of molecular mechanisms following activation of the opioid receptor family could aid in the development of future therapeutics for immune system-related and inflammatory diseases, drug addiction and HIV infection. 

Campbell JJ, Bowman EP, Murphy K, et al. 6-C-kine (SLC), a lymphocyte adhesion-triggering chemokine expressed by high endothelium, is an agonist for the MIP-3beta receptor CCR7. J Cell Biol 1998 141 1053-1059. 

Gunn MD, Tangemann K, Tam C, Cyster JG, Rosen SD, Williams LT. A chemokine expressed in lymphoid high endothelial venules promotes the adhesion and chemotaxis of naive T lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998 95(l) 258-263. 

Pattison J, Nelson PJ, Huie P, et al. RANTES chemokine expression in cell-mediated transplant rejection of the kidney. Lancet 1994 343 209-211. 

Page G, Lebecque S, Miossec P. Anatomic localization of immature and mature dendritic cells in an ectopic lymphoid organ correlation with selective chemokine expression in rheumatoid synovium. J Immunol 2002 168(10) 5333-5341. 

Robinson E, Keystone EC, Schall TJ, Gillett N, Fish EN. Chemokine expression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) evidence of RANTES and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-l beta production by synovial T cells. Clin Exp Immunol 1995 101(3) 398-107. 

Page G, Miossec P. Paired synovium and lymph nodes from rheumatoid arthritis patients differ in dendritic cell and chemokine expression. J Pathol 2004 204(1) 28-38. 

Burke-Gaffney A, Brooks AV, Bogle RG. Regulation of chemokine expression in atherosclerosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2002 38(5) 283-292. 

Dieu MC, Vanbervliet B, Vicari A, et al. Selective recruitment of immature and mature dendritic cells by distinct chemokines expressed in different anatomic sites. J Exp Med 1998 188(2) 373-386. 

Schaller M, Hogaboam CM, Lukacs N, Kunkel SL. Respiratory viral infections drive chemokine expression and exacerbate the asthmatic response. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006 118(2) 295-302. 

Fulkerson PC, Zimmermann N, Hassman LM, Finkelman ED, Rothenberg ME. Pulmonary chemokine expression is coordinately regulated by STAT1, STAT6, and IFN-gamma. J Immunol 2004 173(12) 7565-7574. 

H.A. Haeberle, F. Nesti, H.J. Dieterich, Z. Gatalica, R.P. Garofalo, Perflubron reduces lung inflammation in respiratory syncytial virus infection by inhibiting chemokine expression and nuclear factor-kappaB activation, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 165 (2002) 1433-1438. 

T3. Teruya-Feldstein, J., Jaffe, E. S., Burd, P. R., Kingma, D. W., Setsuda, J. E., and Tosato, G., Differential chemokine expression in tissues involved by Hodgkin s disease Direct correlation of eotaxin expression and tissue eosinophilia. Blood 93, 2463-2470 (1999). 

Bursztajn, S., Rutkowski, M. D., and Deleo, J. A. (2004). The role of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor NR1 subunit in peripheral nerve injury-induced mechanical allodynia, glial activation and chemokine expression in the mouse. Neuroscience 125, 269—275. 

Smith, M.F., Mitchell, A., Li, G., Ding, S., Fitzmauiice, A.M., Ryan, K., Crowe, S., Goldberg, J.B. Toll-Hke receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR5, but not TLR4, are required for Helicobacter pylori-induced NF-kB activation and chemokine expression by epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 278 (2003) 32552-32560. 

E. G. Barrett, C. Johnston, G. Oberdorster, and J. N. Finkelstein, Silica binds serum proteins resulting in a shift of the dose-response for silica-indiuced chemokine expression in an alveolar type II cell line, Toxicol. Appl. Pharm. 161, 111-122 (1999). 

Imai, T., Yoshida, T., Baba, M., Nishimura, M., Kakizaki, M., and Yoshie, O. (1996) Molecular cloning of a novel T cell-directed CC chemokine expressed in thymus by signal sequence trap using Epstein-Barr virus vector. J. Biol. Chem. 271,21,514-21,521. 

---