Coordinate regulation

In addition to intracellular heme-containing proteins, big-conductance calcium-dependent K+ (BKCa) channels and calcium-spark activated transient Kca channels in plasma membrane are also tar geted by CO [3]. As well known, nitric oxide (NO) also activates BKca channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. While both NO and CO open BKCa channels, CO mainly acts on alpha subunit of BKCa channels and NO mainly acts on beta subunit of BKca channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. Rather than a redundant machinery, CO and NO provide a coordinated regulation of BKca channel function by acting on different subunits of the same protein complex. Furthermore, pretreatment of vascular smooth muscle... 

Jump DB et al Coordinate regulation of glycolytic and lipogenic gene expression by polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Lipid Res... 

Purine Pyrimidine Nucleotide Biosynthesis Are Coordinately Regulated... 

From the few examples cited, it is clear that a number of mechanisms are used to regulate mRNA stability—just as several mechanisms are used to regulate the synthesis of mRNA. Coordinate regulation of these two processes confers on the cell remarkable adaptability. 

Operon Two or more genes subject to coordinate regulation by an operator and a repressor. 

Unutmaz D, Xiang W, Sunshine Ml, Campbell J, Butcher E, Littman DR. The primate lentiviral receptor Bonzo/STRL33 is coordinate regulated with CCR5 and its expression pattern is conserved between human and mouse. J Immunol... 

Fulkerson PC, Zimmermann N, Hassman LM, Finkelman ED, Rothenberg ME. Pulmonary chemokine expression is coordinately regulated by STAT1, STAT6, and IFN-gamma. J Immunol 2004 173(12) 7565-7574. 

Hunt Do all those genes have a sort of off button in their promoters that coordinately regulates them ... 

Ziouzenkova, O. and J. Plutzky. 2008. Retinoid metabolism and nuclear receptor responses New insights into coordinated regulation of the PPAR-RXR complex. FEBS Lett 582(1 ) 32—38. 

Synold, R. W., Dussault, I., Forman, B. M., The orphan nuclear receptor SXR coordinately regulates drug metabolism and efflux, Nature Med. 2001, 7, 584-590. 

One of the principal rules of biochemical regulation is, When you turn something on, be sure that you have a way to turn if off. Signal transduction pathways are no different. Kinases are opposed by phosphatases. These enzymes simply hydrolyze the tyrosine or serine/threo-nine phosphate. Because they are in opposition, activation of the phosphatase (there are pathways for this too) is similar to inactivation of the opposing kinase. Often the two activities are coordinate regulated... 

While each set of cytoskeletal elements has a distinctive spectrum of composition, stability and distribution, all three interact with each other. They have complementary functions and may be coordinately regulated. Such interactions can be seen during development of the nervous system, in mature neuron/glia interactions and in neuropathologies. 

Thinakaran, G., Harris, C. L., Ratovitski, T. et al. Evidence that levels of presenilins (PS1 and PS2) are coordinately regulated by competition for limiting cellular factors. J. Biol. Chem. 272 28415-28422,1997. 

PELLETIER, M.K., SHIRLEY, B.W., Analysis of flavanone 3-hydroxylase in Arabidopsis seedlings Coordinate regulation with chalcone synthase and chalcone isomerase, Plant Physiol., 1996, 111, 339-345. 

Alagarsamy, S Sorensen, S. D., and Conn, P. J. (2001) Coordinate regulation of metabotropic glutamate receptors. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 11, 357-362. 

Carrillo CD, Taboada E, Nash JH, Lanthier P, Kelly J, et al. 2004. Genome-wide expression analyses of Campylobacter jejuni NCTC11168 reveals coordinate regulation of motility and virulence by flhA. J Biol Chem 279 20327. 

Coordinate Regulation of the Citric Acid Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation... 

The rates of oxidative phosphorylation and the citric acid cycle are closely coordinated, and are dependent mainly on the availability of and ADR If is limited, the rate of oxidative phosphorylation decreases, and the concentrations of NADH and FADH increase. The accumulation of NADH, in turn, inhibits the citric acid cycle. The coordinated regulation of these pathways is known as respiratory control. ... 

Coordinate Regulation of Pyruvate Carboxylase and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase by Acetyl CoA... 

Okada A, Okada K, Miyamoto K, Koga J, Shibuya N, Nojiri H, Yamane H (2009) OsTGAPl, a bZlP transcription factor, coordinately regulates the inductive production of diterpenoid phytoalexins in rice. J Biol Chem 284 26510-26518... 

Pasini, D., Hansen, K.H., Christensen, J., Agger, K., Cloos, P.A. and Helin, K. (2008) Coordinated regulation of transcriptional repression bythe RBP2 H3K4demethylase and Polycomb-Repressive Complex 2. Genes and Development, 22, 1345-1355. 

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