Chemical industry overview

M. Smart, Industrial Phosphates, Chemical Economics Handbook—SRI International, Menlo Park, Calif., 1991 D. H. Lauriente, Phosphate Industry Overview, Chemical Economics Handbook—SRI International, Menlo Park, Calif., 1994. 

This article is only an overview. Therefore the references contain Briill and Metz [8] and Metz [10] for an overview about supply chains and related planning systems in the chemical industry. 

The chemical industry is presented in an overview with chemical value chain structures, industry specifics, market structures and trends before focusing on commodities. 

A third overview characteristic for the chemical industry is the geographical orientation differentiated into global, regional and local as shown in fig. 30. 

Chemical industry trends provide overview on current trends and challenges in the industry... 

During its formative first years, there have been relatively few regulations finalized under the potentially wide scope of the law. Even so, TSCA has had a perceptible and important impact on the chemical industry and the way it operates. This overview of progress under the TSCA law, will highlight and differentiate portions of the law where regulations are finalized, pending or awaiting administrative development. 

E.H. Hurst s overview introduced several themes pursued by other chemical industry speakers. The Dow Chemical Company s E.H. Blair analyzed the problem of setting priorities for testing the 55,000 existing chemicals listed in the TSCA inventory for their effects on health and the environment. Resources for such testing are not unlimited. A systematic classification was made of these substances by production volume. The 9.5% of these substances which account for 99.9% of reported production were divided further into categories such as organic, inorganic, and polymeric. 

The information was compiled from paper and on-line research and from direct phone conversations and meetings with industry representatives. The more comprehensive overview of case studies of company substitutions for brominated flame retardants demonstrates both the complexity and feasibility of implementing safer alternatives. Other case studies show how leading retailers are moving to phase-out hazardous materials and how some chemical industries are researching and implementing Green Chemistry alternatives. 

Figure 17 provides an overview of the function of the diazoquinone/novolac materials. The matrix resin is a copolymer of a phenol and formaldehyde. The generic term for this class of polymers is novolac (18) meaning "new lacquer" and describes the purpose for which they were first developed. The chemical industry produces millions of tons of novolac each year where its end use is that of a thermoset resin and adhesive. Novolac is commonly used, for example, as the principle adhesive in the manufacture of plywood. 

In July 2002, the safety supervisor presented an overview of the incident, causes, and corrective actions to a safety meeting sponsored by the regional chemical industry council. 

As a further activity the Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (BMLFUW) in co-operation with the OECD organised an international conference in Vienna in November 2003, which was called "Experiences and Perspectives of Service-oriented Strategies in the Chemicals Industry and Related Areas". The conference was attended by around 100 participants from 16 countries. The conference gave an excellent overview about international approaches how to introduce service elements into the chemical business. The participants comprised representatives from authorities, the chemical industry, in particular down stream users, process engineers and economists along with representatives from academia. 

This article presents an overview of the general content of UNIDO s Chemical Leasing toolkit, which aims at enabling a systematic approach to the implementation of Chemical Leasing business models at company level. It has been elaborated in close cooperation with the national and international experts involved in the UNIDO project "Promotion and implementation of Closing-the-Loops cooperation and business models in the chemical industry" that started in 2004. The experience obtained in Egypt, Mexico and Russia presents the basis for this instrument, which is expected to be applied by the entire UNIDO Cleaner Production network. 

National overviews and product finder for the African chemical industry. Includes links to chemical companies. 

The objective of this book is to provide an overview of the basic knowledge about the most widely and currently used methods in chemical analysis, whether they are qualitative, quantitative or structural. A wide area of applications is covered, including the chemical industry, foodstuffs, environment, pollution and biomedicine. 

Once the investment expenditures for plants/production lines are established for a single country, they have to be localized to account for cost differentials between countries. To this end, location adjustment factors can be employed (cf. McMillan and Humphreys 1990). Location factors for chemical industry can for example be obtained from SRI Consulting. A comprehensive overview of commercial sources for cost, inflation and location factors is published in Remer and Mattos (2003). Kohn et al. (1997) discuss how to construct country-specific factors from the U.S.-based Chemical Engineering s Plant Cost index. 

The overview in Table 1 holds, in principle, for any type of chemical industry. Additionally, different types of chemical industries may have different focuses, depending on their starting position and on their business requirements. Knowledge of the perspectives helps in determining the main cost drivers from the fist given in Table 1 and helps therefore in finding the starting points for process intensification studies. Table 2 presents an overview of some of the main types of chemical industries and the specific demands they posed on process intensification when applied in these industries. A distinction can thus be made between ... 

Chemical companies cannot afford to ignore this market. Here we give an overview of the importance of the chemical industry in China, analyze why multina-... 

The use of organometallic rhenium complexes has found a very broad scope as oxidation catalysts as described in the previous section, making MTO the catalyst of choice for many oxidation reactions of olefins. Interestingly, MTO and related rhenium compounds have also found application in the reverse reaction, the deoxygenation of alcohols and diols. Especially in recent years, this reaction has attracted much attention due to the increased interest in the use of biomass as feedstock for the chemical industry. This section provides an overview of the use of rhenium-based catalysts in the deoxygenation reaction of renewables. 

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