Drying chemical

Clean and chemically dry vessel prior to charging water reactive material... 

Carry out the rinsing before the chemical dries on the surface. 

Remove casuaify from danger Wef chemicals Dry chemicals... 

Chemical drying of liquids often involves reaction, with or without heating, of a solid which will react selectively with water. Calcium or lithium aluminium hydrides are often used evolved hydrogen needs safe venting. For the lithal, careful stirring and temperature control is essential to prevent formation of extremely... 

Another essential chemical property catalytically important is the powerful dehydrating action of hydrogen fluoride. No chemical drying... 

Chemical Dry Etching System CDE-IV, Tokuda Seisakusho, Ltd., Kawasaki, Japan... 

The chemical drying of printing inks involves oxidation (where unsaturated oils are cross-linked by atmospheric oxygen) or polymerization of binder constituents by UV light. The first setting is often by striking in, even with chemically-dried printing inks. 

Wet and dry etching. Wet etching is done in solution containing aggressive chemicals, dry etching is done by gas molecules... 

Paint compounds which do not provide these features to a satisfactory degree are either low-grade paints or merely coatings. A number of coatings have been offered on the market to provide protection against fire. Some of these are effective fire-retardant compounds, but the majority will not withstand weathering and thus have limited interior use only. To overcome this deficiency, manufacturers recommend a second or protective coat of moisture-resistant material. As an alternative means of achieving this same result, fire-retardant chemicals can be sprayed or brushed on wood and protected by a normal paint after the chemical dries. 

Some anhydrous salts are capable of becoming hydrated upon exposure to the moisture in their surroundings. These salts are called hygroscopic salts and can be used as chemical drying agents or desiccants. Some salts are such excellent desiccants and are able to absorb so much moisture from their surroundings that they can eventually dissolve themselves Calcium chloride is such a salt and is said to be deliquescent. 

Once a soil is subsampled, extraction of the organic constituents is typically performed via soxhlet. The sample is chemically dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, ground to a fine powder and then soxhlet extracted for 16 h with either hexane acetone, dichlor-omethane, or toluene. Soxhlet extraction is used for a wide range of compounds however, the extraction efficiency is the greatest with neutral analytes and drops off with increasing acidity. 

The physicallydried binding agents include acrylic resins, polyesters, silicones, cellulose derivatives and others. Polyamides and polyolefins are used as raw material for powder lacquers. Differing from physically dried lacquers, chemically dried lacquers contain crosslinked macromolecules. The raw materials used as binding agents can in this case be used without solvents because of their low viscosities and react with the substrate by one of the above mentioned polymerization reactions. 

The collection of plant tissue is quite different from animal tissue collection. The discussion of collection of plant and animal tissue by Dessauer et al.2S is detailed and helpful. However, the recommendations for procedures unique to plant tissue collection are somewhat misleading and outdated, especially when tropical collections are involved. Plant tissue can now be collected and transported as either fresh tissue (leaves and/or shoot cuttings) or preserved tissue the latter either as cryopreserved tissue (liquid nitrogen or dry ice) or as dried tissue (air-dried, herbarium-dried, lyophilized, or chemically dried). Ambient-temperature liquid chemical preservation techniques (such as those routinely done for herbarium plant specimens in the tropics) so far have been ineffective in maintaining adequate yields of high-quality DNA.15 It should be stressed again that the manner of collecting plant tissue is dictated by several other factors what macromolecule (DNA, RNA, or isozymes) will be examined, what type of nucleic acid extraction method will be used (or, more impor-... 

The binder is the most important of the components and is always present in a manufactured paint. It usually represents 40 to 50wt% of the paint. Many of the properties of paints and related products are determined directly by the nature of the binder. For this reason paints are often classified and may even be named according to the type of binder. Binders are identified according to type of drying. The physical and chemical drying types relate to how they are formulated. The physical film type results in the evaporation of the solvent or of dispersion medium in the case of paint lattices. Chemical film type has... 

Initial reaction. In all known cases of effective biotic sensitization of plants reported to date, a critical factor appears to be the necrosis of host cells in the zone of initial infection. However, while non-necrotic infections are ineffective inducers, necrosis per se is not effective in inducing resistance. Injury by abiotic agents such as heat, chemicals, dry ice, or various extracts from plants and microbes does not protect cucumbers against lagenarium (8-10). Infection of tobacco by a wide variety of Peronosporales fungi other than P. tabacina frequently causes severe necrosis, but does not induce systemic resistance against blue mold (Tiizun and Kuc, unpublished). 

The isobutane recycle from fractionation can also contain appreciable entrained free water. If the recycle contains no olefins (from outside make-up streams, for example) this stream can be chemically dried by contacting it with the discard acid from the unit. This is an efficient and a relatively inexpensive procedure. 

Figure 2-8 (a) Components of a typical desiccator. The base contains a chemical drying agent, which... 

Each Event has its name, which ideally should characterize the treatment (e. g., heat shock, cold shock, food deprivation, add chemical, dry, centrifuge, resuspend, wait). Since Event class objects can document many types of biological manipulations, protocol for an Event can include various types of descriptions (see also descriptions of Event subclasses) ... 

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