Unsaturated oil

Carbon, activated Calcium hypochlorite, all oxidizing agents, unsaturated oils... 

Multiply unsaturated linolenic and linoleic acid residues make triglycerides more vulnerable to oxidative degradation than oleic acid which is relatively stable. It is therefore desirable to hydrogenate the most unsaturated residues selectively without production of large quantities of stearic (fully saturated) acid. The stepwise reduction of an unsaturated oil may be visualized as ... 

Analysis of Trace or Minor Components. Minor or trace components may have a significant impact on quaHty of fats and oils (94). Metals, for example, can cataly2e the oxidative degradation of unsaturated oils which results in off-flavors, odors, and polymeri2ation. A large number of techniques such as wet chemical analysis, atomic absorption, atomic emission, and polarography are available for analysis of metals. Heavy metals, iron, copper, nickel, and chromium are elements that have received the most attention. Phosphoms may also be detectable and is a measure of phosphoHpids and phosphoms-containing acids or salts. 

Other Reactants. Other reactants are used in smaller amounts to provide phenoHc resins that have specific properties, especially coatings appHcations. Aniline had been incorporated into both resoles and novolaks but this practice has been generally discontinued because of the toxicity of aromatic amines. Other materials include rosin (abietic acid), dicyclopentadiene, unsaturated oils such as tung oil and linseed oil, and polyvalent cations for cross-linking. 

Substituted nonheat-reactive resins do not form a film and are not reactive by themselves, but are exceUent modifier resins for oleoresinous varnishes and alkyds. Thein high glass-transition temperature and molecular weight provide initial hardness and reduce tack oxygen-initiated cross-linking reactions take place with the unsaturated oils. 

Cobalt in Driers for Paints, Inks, and Varnishes. The cobalt soaps, eg, the oleate, naphthenate, resinate, Hnoleate, ethyUiexanoate, synthetic tertiary neodecanoate, and tall oils, are used to accelerate the natural drying process of unsaturated oils such as linseed oil and soybean oil. These oils are esters of unsaturated fatty acids and contain acids such as oleic, linoleic, and eleostearic. On exposure to air for several days a film of the acids convert from Hquid to soHd form by oxidative polymeri2ation. The incorporation of oil-soluble cobalt salts effects this drying process in hours instead of days. Soaps of manganese, lead, cerium, and vanadium are also used as driers, but none are as effective as cobalt (see Drying). 

Lipase from Aspergillus sp. Olive oil hydrolysis (highly unsaturated) Oil-phosphate buffer (1/2) 68 101... 

This prompted us to investigate the possibility of selectively hydrogenate highly unsaturated oils, unsuitable for the production of Biodiesel, in order to improve their oxidative stability while keeping the cold properties. 

Hydrogenation of fats and edible oils H2 + unsaturated oil Ni Saturated oil... 

A compounding ingredient with the main functions of a processing aid or extender. Dark factice (sulphur factice) is produced by heating certain unsaturated oils (principally rape seed oil) with sulphur. White factice (sulphur chloride factice) is prepared by treating rape seed oil with sulphur monochloride at normal temperatures. Factice is still sometimes referred to as mbber substitute or simply sub , but these terms are not recommended. 

Also termed sulphur chloride factice or cold factice. That type of factice prepared by treating unsaturated oils, such as rape oil or castor oil, with sulphur monochloride. Since the reaction is exothermic care must be taken to keep the temperature as low as possible. See Factice. White Metal... 

These are made by crosslinking unsaturated oils with sulphur (and an amine catalyst, usually triethanolamine) at 140-160 °C. These products will give dark coloured vulcanisates which have poor contact stain properties when in contact with painted surfaces. 

Clear unsaturated oils are vulcanised at room temperature with sulphur monochloride to give a white, friable solid which is nonstaining and suitable for use in coloured compounds. Crosslinking using sulphur monochloride produces a white factice, but care had to be taken in its use, for if not used when fresh it develops a high level of acidity which affects compound cures severely. The acidity can be removed by steaming the factice just prior to use. Modem white factices contain a small addition of alkali to counteract any developed acidity. 

Carbon, activated Chlorates Calcium hypochlorite, all oxidizing agents, unsaturated oils Ammonium salts, acids, metal powders, sulfur, finely divided organic or combustible materials, cyanides, metal sulfides, manganese dioxide, sulfur dioxide, organic acids... 

Butyraldehyde oxime, 1655 Carbon, Unsaturated oils, 0298 Chlorine, Carbon disulfide, 4047 f l-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane, Contaminants, 1162 Cyanogen chloride, 0323... 

Solvent extraction Solvent extraction Absorption/ precipitation Separate unsaturated oils Gas oil, reformate, distillate High-octane gasoline... 

Alkyds were synthesized by Kienle in the 1920s from trifunctional alcohols and dicar-boxylic acids. Unsaturated oils, called drying oils, were transesterified with the phthalic anhydride in the reaction so that an unsaturated polymer was obtained which could later be reacted producing a cross-linked product. 

It seems imreasonable to assume that any one of these theories alone accoimts for the toxic effect of oils on stages other than the egg. It is more likely that several operate simultaneously and that other modes of action are also involved. In generalizing, it would appear that the chemically active unsaturated oils might exert a toxic effect by virtue of their chemical structure. However, the highly refined saturated petroleum oils being less reactive would appear to exert their toxic effect chiefly through their physical characteristics. 

Paper, unsaturated oil treated incompletely dried (including carbon paper) 1379... 

The chemical drying of printing inks involves oxidation (where unsaturated oils are cross-linked by atmospheric oxygen) or polymerization of binder constituents by UV light. The first setting is often by striking in, even with chemically-dried printing inks. 

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