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Cationic acrylamide copolymer

The free-radical copolymerization of acrylamide with three common cationic comonomers diallyldimethylammonium chloride, dimethyl-aminoethyl methacrylate, and dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, has been investigated. Polymerizations were carried out in solution and inverse microsuspension with azocyanovaleric acid, potassium persulfate, and azobisisobutyronitrile over the temperature range 45 to 60 C. The copolymer reactivity ratios were determined with the error-in-variables method by using residual monomer concentrations measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. This combination of estimation procedure and analytical technique has been found to be superior to any methods previously used for the estimation of reactivity ratios for cationic acrylamide copolymers. A preliminary kinetic investigation of inverse microsuspension copolymerization at high monomer concentrations is also discussed. [Pg.175]

Uses Antistatic finish for polyester fibers flocculant and coagulant for water treatment, mineral recovery, ion-exchange resins, adhesives, acid dye receptivity photopolymer plates photoresists paint resins oil additives electro dipcoats mbber modifiers dental compds. water-sol. polymers adhesion promoter prod, of cationic acrylamide copolymers mfg. of quats retention aid for paper mfg. food-contact paper/paperboard Manuf./Dboh. /Udrich... [Pg.1083]

PAM, HYP AM and AM/AA copolymers can be analyzed by TSK Gel PWXL (44), TSK Gel PW (25, 44), Shodex OHpak (25, 45), CPG (31, 32, 33, 34, 38, 41, 46), Sephacryl SIOOO (39), polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silica columns (36) with an appropriate mobile phase. For cationic acrylamide copolymers, the Gel TSK PW columns (44) have a better separation capability than the Gel PWXL columns. This is probably due to the higher number of residual anionic sites found in PWXL columns (44). When a cationic polyacrylamide is analyzed. [Pg.255]

This was shown to good effect in an experiment [22] carried out to prepare a series of cationic acrylamide copolymers (60/40 weight ratio) as inverse emulsion polymers using identical polymerisation conditions, in which only the concentration of cross-linking monomer was varied. Subsequent determination of intrinsic viscosity values for this set of polymers showed the results in Table 3.1. [Pg.48]

Figure 6.12 Molar mass distribution of a cationic acrylamide copolymer. Figure 6.12 Molar mass distribution of a cationic acrylamide copolymer.
Further benefits can be obtained by the use of high molecular weight cationic acrylamide copolymers that build up aggregate size and offer shear resistance to breakdown. [Pg.157]

Hydrolytic stability and pH have to be considered when selecting a cationic monomer. Cationic acrylate esters are susceptible to base hydrolysis above pH 6, resulting in the loss of cationic charge on the polymer. The rate of hydrolysis is concentration and temperature dependent. In contrasL cationic acrylamide copolymers containing amide monomers such as APTAC and MAPTAC are reasonably stable up to a pH of 9-10. Acrylamide/MAPTAC copolymers and... [Pg.385]

Acrylamide copolymers are effective iron ore pellet binders (118). When the ore slurry in water has a pH above 8, anionic polymers are effective. If the ore is acid washed to remove manganese, then a cationic polymer is effective. [Pg.143]

In the pulp and paper industry, anionic and cationic acrylamide polymers are used as chemical additives or processing aids. The positive effect is achieved due to a fuller retention of the filler (basically kaoline) in the paper pulp, so that the structure of the paper sheet surface layer improves. Copolymers of acrylamide with vi-nylamine not only attach better qualities to the surface layer of.paper, they also add to the tensile properties of paper in the wet state. Paper reinforcement with anionic polymers is due to the formation of complexes between the polymer additive and ions of Cr and Cu incorporated in the paper pulp. The direct effect of acrylamide polymers on strength increases and improved surface properties of paper sheets is accompanied by a fuller extraction of metallic ions (iron and cobalt, in addition to those mentioned above), which improves effluent water quality. [Pg.71]

Nonionic, anionic, and cationic VP copolymers are all available commercially to enhance the hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and ionic properties of PVP for specihc applications. Important comonomers include vinyl acetate (VA), acrylic acid (AA), vinyl alcohol, dimethy-laminoethylmethacrylate (DMAEMA), styrene, maleic anhydride, acrylamide, methyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate (LM), a-olelins, methacrylamido-propyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (MAPTAC), vinyl caprolactam (VCL), and dimethylaminopropyl-methacrylamide (DMAPMA). [Pg.1711]

Trialkyl-4-vinylbenzyl phosphonium chloride/ acrylamide copolymers. This type of crosslinked trialkyl-4-vinylbenzyl phosphonium chloride (TRVB)/acrylamide (AAm) copolymers were prepared by copolymeiization of TRVB, AAm, and MBAAm (crosslinking monomer) in dimethyl sulfoxide. Three TRVBs with different alkyl chain lengths (butyl, hexyl, and octyl) in phosphonium groups were used. They are abbreviated as TBVB, THVB, and TOVB, respectively. The copolymers obtained have phosphonium groups. Therefore, they are crosslinked cationic polymers. [Pg.2883]

Acrylamide monomer is a white crystal, available commercially as a 50 wt % aqueous solution. Acrylamide monomer can be polymerized to a very-high-molecular-weight (lO -lO g/mole) homopolymer, copolymer, or terpolymer. Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a nonionic polymer. The anionic polyacrylamide species can be obtained from the hydrolysis of the amide (—CONH ) functional group of the homopolymer, or from the copolymerization of acrylamide with an anionic monomer, such as acrylic acid (AA) or 2-acrylamino 2-methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS). Acrylamide can be copolymerized with a cationic monomer, such as dimethyl diallylammonium chloride (DMDAAC) or acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (AETAC), to form the cationic acrylamide polymer. Acrylamide can simultaneously react with anionic and cationic monomers to form a polyampholyte. The acrylamide homopolymer, copolymers, and terpolymers are synthesized (1-20) by free radicals via solution or emulsion or other polymerization methods. F. A. Adamsky and E. J. Beckman (21) reported the inverse emulsion polymerization of acrylamide in supercritical carbon dioxide. The product classes of acrylamide polymers include liquid, dry, and emulsion. [Pg.249]

The effect of pH on hydrolytic stability of cationic ester-acrylamide copolymers has been long recognized (149). The decrease in viscosity and effectiveness, characteristic of this instability, do not take place in aqueous solutions at pH 2-5. [Pg.104]

According to a similar approach we prepared two families of acrylamide copolymers, one anionic the other cationic, with various molecular weights and compositions. The corresponding monomers are given below ... [Pg.137]

Chem. Descrip. Diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride/acrylamide copolymer and acrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride/acrylamide copolymer aq. blend Ionic Nature Cationic Chem. Analysis 18% solids CAS 26590-05-6... [Pg.1161]

Hydrolysis of cationic polyacrylamides prepared from copolymeri2ation of acrylamide and cationic ester monomer can occur under very mild conditions. A substantial loss in cationicity can cause a significant loss in performance in many apphcations. Copolymers [69418-26-4] of acrylamide and acryloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride [44992-01 -0] CgH gN02(Cl), for instance, lose cationicity rapidly at alkaline pH (37). [Pg.140]

Acrylamide copolymerizes with many vinyl comonomers readily. The copolymerization parameters ia the Alfrey-Price scheme are Q = 0.23 and e = 0.54 (74). The effect of temperature on reactivity ratios is small (75). Solvents can produce apparent reactivity ratio differences ia copolymerizations of acrylamide with polar monomers (76). Copolymers obtained from acrylamide and weak acids such as acryUc acid have compositions that are sensitive to polymerization pH. Reactivity ratios for acrylamide and many comonomers can be found ia reference 77. Reactivity ratios of acrylamide with commercially important cationic monomers are given ia Table 3. [Pg.142]

Molecular weights of polymers that function as bridging agents between particles are ca 10 —10. Ionic copolymers of acrylamide are the most significant commercially (see Acrylamide POLYMERS). Cationic comonomers include (2-methacryloyloxyethyl)trimethylammonium salts, diethyl aminoethyl methacrylate [105-16-8], and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride [7398-69-8], anionic comonomers include acryUc acid [79-10-7] and its salts. Both types of polyacrylamides, but especially the anionic, can be more effective in the presence of alum (10,11). Polyetbylenimine and vinylpyridine polymers, eg, po1y(1,2-dimethy1-5-viny1pyridiniiim methyl sulfa te) [27056-62-8] are effective but are used less frequentiy. [Pg.15]

Radical copolymerization is used in the manufacturing of random copolymers of acrylamide with vinyl monomers. Anionic copolymers are obtained by copolymerization of acrylamide with acrylic, methacrylic, maleic, fu-maric, styrenesulfonic, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpro-panesulfonic acids and its salts, etc., as well as by hydrolysis and sulfomethylation of polyacrylamide Cationic copolymers are obtained by copolymerization of acrylamide with jV-dialkylaminoalkyl acrylates and methacrylates, l,2-dimethyl-5-vinylpyridinum sulfate, etc. or by postreactions of polyacrylamide (the Mannich reaction and Hofmann degradation). Nonionic copolymers are obtained by copolymerization of acrylamide with acrylates, methacrylates, styrene derivatives, acrylonitrile, etc. Copolymerization methods are the same as the polymerization of acrylamide. [Pg.69]

Several authors have discussed the ion exchange potentials and membrane properties of grafted cellulose [135,136]. Radiation grafting of anionic and cationic monomers to impart ion exchange properties to polymer films and other structures is rather promising. Thus, grafting of acrylamide and acrylic acid onto polyethylene, polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer as a blend [98], and waste rubber powder [137,138], allows... [Pg.512]

Carboxymethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol Combination of a cellulose ether with clay Amide-modified carboxyl-containing polysaccharide Sodium aluminate and magnesium oxide Thermally stable hydroxyethylcellulose 30% ammonium or sodium thiosulfate and 20% hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) Acrylic acid copolymer and oxyalkylene with hydrophobic group Copolymers acrylamide-acrylate and vinyl sulfonate-vinylamide Cationic polygalactomannans and anionic xanthan gum Copolymer from vinyl urethanes and acrylic acid or alkyl acrylates 2-Nitroalkyl ether-modified starch Polymer of glucuronic acid... [Pg.12]

Ethoxylated methylcarboxylates Propoxyethoxy glyceryl sulfonate Alkylpropoxyethoxy sulfate as surfactant, xanthan, and a copolymer of acrylamide and sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonate Carboxymethylated ethoxylated surfactants (CME) Polyethylene oxide (PEG) as a sacrificial adsorbate Polyethylene glycols, propoxylated/ethoxylated alkyl sulfates Mixtures of sulfonates and nonionic alcohols Combination of lignosulfonates and fatty amines Alkyl xylene sulfonates, polyethoxylated alkyl phenols, octaethylene glycol mono n-decyl ether, and tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride Anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cationic tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (TTAC), nonionic pentadecylethoxylated nonylphenol (NP-15), and nonionic octaethylene glycol N-dodecyl ether Dimethylalkylamine oxides as cosurfactants and viscosifiers (N-Dodecyl)trimethylammonium bromide Petrochemical sulfonate and propane sulfonate of an ethoxylated alcohol or phenol Petrochemical sulfonate and a-olefin sulfonate... [Pg.198]

Similarly, a cationic copolymer that exhibits efficacy in breaking oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions under a wide variety of conditions has been described. The cationic copolymer is a copolymer of acryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride and acrylamide [789, 790]. The preferred copolymer contains 40 to 80 mole-% acryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride. The copoljmtier is effective in a matrix that includes high percentages of oil at high temperatures. [Pg.338]


See other pages where Cationic acrylamide copolymer is mentioned: [Pg.251]    [Pg.251]    [Pg.68]    [Pg.77]    [Pg.578]    [Pg.298]    [Pg.447]    [Pg.4788]    [Pg.77]    [Pg.16]    [Pg.111]    [Pg.115]    [Pg.41]    [Pg.40]    [Pg.387]    [Pg.6]    [Pg.386]    [Pg.143]    [Pg.143]    [Pg.9]    [Pg.463]    [Pg.61]    [Pg.869]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.149 ]




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Acrylamide copolymers

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