Castor bean, Ricinus

These alkaloids include the substituted pyridone ricinine [524-40-3] (53), CgHgN202, which is easily isolated in high yield as the only alkaloid from the castor bean (Ricinus communis L.). The castor bean is also the source of castor oil (qv), which is obtained by pressing the castor bean and, rich in fatty acids, has served as a gentie cathartic. 

Ricin (toxin from Castor bean Ricinus communis) [A chain 96638-28-7 B chain 96638-29-8] Mr -60,000, amorphous. Crude ricin, obtained by aqueous extraction and (NH4)2S04 pptn, was chromatographed on a galactosyl-Sepharose column with sequential elution of pure ricin. The second peak was due to ricin agglutinin. [Simmons and Russell Anal Biochem 146 206 1985.) Inhibitor of protein synthesis. EXTREMELY DANGEROUS, USE EXTREME CARE [instructions accompany product]. 

Delayed-action cytotoxin that inhibits protein synthesis (ribosomal inactivating protein) that is obtained from castor beans (Ricinus communis). Waste from production of castor oil contains about 5% ricin by weight. It is a white powder that is soluble in water and relatively heat stable. Aqueous solutions are resistant to chlorine at 10 ppm. It is persistent in the environment. 

Lectin toxicity - nausea, diarrhea, headache, confusion, dehydration, death Wisteria, castor bean (Ricinus communis) Lectins bind to cell surfaces Ricin - blocks protein synthesis, very toxic, 5 to 6 beans can kill a child... 

Ricin (toxin from Castor bean [Ricinus communis]) [96628-29-8]. Crude ricin, obtained by... 

Castor bean Ricinus communis Rodriguez-Kabanaetal., 1991b... 

Bafor, M., Smith, M. A., Jonsson, L., Stobart, K., and Stymne, S. 1991. Ricinoleic acid biosynthesis and triacylglycerol assembly in microsomal preparation from developing castor bean (Ricinus communis) endosperm. Biochem. J., 280, 507-514. 

The most toxic plant product, ricin, is also the most toxic chemical known to man. Unlike the pyrrolizidine alkaloids, ricin is a protein which most cleverly targets the interior workings of cells. The way in which this most potent poison works is quite elegant (see box, p. 151). It is made and found in the seeds of the castor bean (Ricinus communis). 

Targosz, D., Winnik, L., Szkolnicka B. (2002). Suicidal poisoning with castor bean (Ricinus communis) extract injected subcutaneously case report [abst.]. J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. 40 398. 

Jensen, W.I., Allen, J.P. (1981). Naturally occurring and experimentally induced castor bean (Ricinus communis) poisoning in ducks. Avian Dis. 25 184-94. 

Dudley, M.W., Dueber, M.T. and West, C.A. (1986) Biosynthesis of the macrocyclic diterpene casbene in castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) seedlings changes in enzyme levels induced by fungal infection and intracellular localization of the pathway. Plant Physiol., 81, 335-42. 

Carbon black A finely divided form of carbon made by the incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of natural gas or petroleum oil. Castor oil A non-drying oil derived from the seeds of the castor bean, Ricinus communis. It is a pale yellowish or almost colourless transparent, mixed Uquid. It is used in paint and has a mild odour and a nauseating taste. 

Derivation From the seeds of the castor bean, Ricinus communis (Brazil, India, the former U.S.S.R., U.S.). They are cold-pressed for the first grade of medicinal oil and hot pressed for the common qualities, approximately 40% of the oil content of the bean being obtained. Residual oil in the cake is obtained by solvent extraction. Chief constituent Ricinolein (glyceride of ricinoleic acid). 

It is is the third most toxic substance known after plutonium and botulism it is a protein toxin that is extracted from the castor bean (Ricinus communis). The USA Centers for Disease Control (CDC) considers 500 pg to be the lethal dose of ricin in humans if exposure is from injection or inhalation. Ricin is poisonous if inhaled, injected, or ingested, acting by the inhibition of protein synthesis. While there is no known antidote, the US military has developed a vaccine. 

Castor bean Ricinus communis, family Enphorbiaceae)... 

There appear to be species-based differences in the relative contributions of type 1 versus type 2 DGAT to TAG accumulation during seed development. DGAT2 has been shown to play a major role in TAG accumulation in the seeds of the tung tree ( Vernicia fordii) and castor bean (Ricinus communis), in which the enzyme is involved in the incorporation of unusual fatty acyl moieties (Kroon et al. 2006, Shockey et al. 2006). The in vivo contribution of DGAT2 to oil biosynthesis in developing seeds of B. napus, however, remains to be elucidated (Gaboon et al. 2007). 

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