Cancer osteosarcoma

Doxorubicin (Adriamycin, Adria, Doxo, hydroxydaunorubicin) -Liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil) Breast cancer osteosarcoma and soft tissue sarcomas NHL HD ALL ANLL bladder cancer ovarian cancer thyroid cancer Wilms tumor neuroblastoma SCLC KS (liposomal) gastric cancer multiple myeloma NSCLC endometrial cancer... 

CNS leukemia (IT) Breast cancer NHL Osteosarcoma Head and neck cancer Bladder cancer Rheumatoid arthritis... 

Vincristine (VCR, Oncovin) ALL HD NHL multiple myeloma breast cancer SCLC, KS brain tumors soft tissue sarcomas osteosarcomas neuroblastoma Wilms tumor... 

Okada K, Sakusabe N, Kobayashi A, Hoshi N, Sato K. Prevention of lung metastasis by intra-tumoural injection of Cepharanthin and staphylococcal enterotoxin B in transplantable rat osteosarcoma. Jpn J Cancer Res 1999 90 928-933. 

There is a school of thought, which believes that HMTases are tumor suppressors especially the lysine methyltransferases because of the loss of SET domain proteins in tumor conditions, exceptions do exist like Ezh2. The well-known example of the above is RIZl, which interacts with Rb protein (again the same tumor suppressor). RIZ-1 is in chromosome lp36 region, which is commonly deleted, in more than a dozen different types of human cancers. Riz-1 expression is commonly silenced in many tumors including breast cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, neuroblastoma, melanoma, lung cancer and osteosarcoma (Kim et al, 2003). 

Pleiotropy is observed in retinoblastoma (choice E), in that mutation carriers can develop other cancers, such as osteosarcoma, This, however, does not explain the lack of a tumor in the 20-year-old man. 

In human colon, prostate, and breast cancer cells, SFN has demonstrated inhibition of HDAC activity.In xenograft models of prostate cancer and osteosarcoma, SFN has inhibited HDAC activity, increased acetylation levels of H3 and H4, and a slowing of growth." " In vivo results confirm that SFN is an effective chemoprotective... 

This HDAC inhibitor (Fig. 15) was isolated from a cyanobacterium Symplaca sp. collected from the Florida Keys. This depsipeptide was described by Leusch and coworkers in lOOSP It has been shown to be potent at low nanomolar ranges against mammary cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, HT29 colon cancer cells, IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells and U20S fibroblastic osteosarcoma cells. ... 

Meanwhile, some phase 2 trials have already been performed on some naturally cancerous dogs, bearing tumors which are histologically close to the corresponding human ones, namely, osteolytic osteosarcomas and fibrosarcomas (bone cancers). Let us give some details about the protocol of treatment we used in the case of a dog weighing 70 kg and suffering from an acute osteolytic osteosarcoma (expected survival time less than 2 weeks on March 26, 1981). 

Miller AC, Kariko K, Myers CE, et al. Increased radioresistance of EJras-transformed human osteosarcoma cells and its modulation by lovastatin, an inhibitor of p21ras isoprenylation. Int J Cancer 1993 53 302-307. 

Sindelar WF, Costa J, Ketcham AS. 1978. Osteosarcoma associated with Thorotrast administration Report of two cases and literature review. Cancer 42 2604-2609. 

Osteosarcoma has recently been diagnosed in a 12-year-old girl. Family history indicates that her paternal aunt died of breast cancer at age 29 after having survived treatment for an adrenocortical carcinoma. An uncle died of a brain tumor at age 38 and the patient s father, age 35, has leukemia. 

Adjuvant chemotherapy involves the use of antineoplastic drugs when surgery or radiation therapy has eradicated the primary tumor but historical experience with similar patients indicates a high risk of relapse due to micrometastases. Adjuvant chemotherapy should employ drugs that are known to be effective in the treatment of advanced stages of the particular tumor being treated. Adjuvant chemotherapy has played a major role in the cure of several types of childhood cancers as well as breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and osteosarcoma in adults. 

Unlabeled Uses Adrenocortical, bladder, cervical, endometrial, prostatic, testicular carcinomas Ewing s sarcoma multiple sclerosis non-small cell, small cell lung cancer organ transplant rejection osteosarcoma ovarian germ cell, primary brain, trophoblastic tumors rheumatoid arthritis soft tissue sarcomas systemic dermato-myositis systemic lupus erythematosus Wilms tumor... 

Single injection of 850 Bq Aclkg BW alone or in combination with at 18,500, 74,000, or 185,000 Bq/kg BW The highest bone cancer incidence was observed at the highest doses of Th. The addition of Ac resulted in an additional osteosarcoma incidence only at 18,500 Bq 227Th/kg BW 30... 

Fig. 8.6 Diagrams illustrating radiation-induced excess of cancer superimposed on baseline age-dependent cancer incidence. Illustrations of possibilities predicted by diHerent models. The patterns shown in panels c and d have been clearly observed thus far only with leukemia and osteosarcoma (from NAS/NRC, 1980).

Study of other rare hereditary cancers has led to the location of 20 or more additional probable tumor-suppressor genes. One of these, p53, is inactive in over 50% of all human cancers and over 90% of sqamous cell carcinomas of the skin.ee In small-cell lung cancers and osteosarcoma both RB and p53 are inactive.2 Protein p53 is a stronger tumor suppressor than protein Rb. Results of a variety of experiments have suggested that p53, a DNA-binding protein of known structure, plays a key role in checking DNA for damage at the C,... 

Malignant cartilage tumor Non-small-cell lung carcinoma Osteosarcoma Ovarian surface epithelial neoplasms Prostate cancer... 

Onda, M., Matsuda, S., Higski, S., Lijima, T., Fukushima, J., Yokokura, A., Kojima, T., Horiuchi, H., Kurokawa, T., and Yamamoto, T. 1995. erbB-2 expression is correlated with poor prognosis for patient with osteosarcoma Cancer 77 71-78. 

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