Cancer Adenoma

Cancer (adenoma) of pituitary and thyroid Cancer (adenoma) of adrenal and ovary Essential hypertension Deficient signaling Night blindness... 

Colon polyps are small growths on the interior wall of the colon, some of which may become cancerous. Adenomas, or precancerous polyps, take about ten years to change from a polyp to a cancerous tumor. 

Whilst interindividual variations in the profiles of fecal bacteria are considerable there are no major differences in the average profiles of different populations, in patients with colorectal cancer, adenomas or ulcerative colitis or in subjects consuming specifically modified diets. In contrast the proiEile of fecal bile acids varies considerably between populations, is influ-... 

Warning associated with the administration of estrogen include an increased risk of endometrial cancer, gallbladder disease, hypertension, hepatic adenoma (a benign tumor of the liver), cardiovascular disease, increased risk of thromboembolic disease and hypercalcemia in those with breast cancer and bone metastases. 

LIN H J, PROBST-HENSCH N M, LOUIE A D, KAU I H, WITTE J S, INGLES S A, FRANKL H D, LEE E R and HAILE R w (1998) Glutathione transferase null genotype, broccoli and lower prevalence of colorectal adenomas . Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 7 647-52. 

Paganelli, G.M., Biasco, G., Brandi, G., Santucci, R., Gizzi, G., Villani, V., Cianci, M., Miglioli, M. and Barbara, L. (1992). Effect of vitamin A, C and E supplementation on rectal cell proliferation in patients with colorectal adenomas. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 84, 47-51. 

Toxic adenoma Thyroid cancer Struma ovarii... 

An increased incidence of renal tumors (7 out of 25 combined adenomas and carcinomas) was observed in male Swiss mice fed 0.1% basic lead acetate in the diet for 2 years (Van Esch and Kroes 1969). No renal tumors were found in the control animals. One female in the 1.0% treatment group had a renal tumor. The authors attributed the low tumor incidence in the 1.0% group to early mortality. The cancer effects levels described above are recorded in Table 2-4 and plotted in Figure 2-2. 

Gallbladder disease, hepatic adenoma, pancreatitis, thrombosis of abdominal artery or vein Endometrial, cervical, or vaginal cancer Deep vein thrombosis... 

Yun, Y.S. et al., Effect of red ginseng on natural killer cell activity in mice with lung adenoma induced by urethan and benzo(a)pyrene, Cancer Detect Prev Suppl, 1, 301, 1987. 

Category C (possible human carcinogen) was evidenced by a dose-related increase in the incidence of leiomyosarcomas in the urinary bladder, a significant dose-related trend for combined hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in males, and a significantly higher incidence of combined lung adenomas and carcinomas in females. For the purpose of risk characterization, the RfD approach should be used for quantification of human cancer risk. The chronic exposure analysis revealed <100% RfD, and it is assumed that the chronic dietary endpoint is protective for cancer dietary exposure [64]. 

Transfluthrin induced a low frequency of urinary bladder adenomas carcinomas in rats at high doses - the NOEL for non-cancer endpoints was 20 ppm, for cancer, 200 ppm, and the urinary tumors were observed at a level of 2,000 ppm in diet. It also induced adenomas in female mice at a high dose level. Transfluthrin had no initiating activity, but was... 

There may be similar incidences of tumors in aging people, but the real prevalence of tumors in human populations is uncertain. In the United States, where autopsies are uncommon, over one-third reveal previously undiagnosed cancers when they are conducted (Silverberg, 1984). A single type of neoplasm, renal adenoma, is present in 15-20% of all adult kidneys (Holm-Nielson and Olsen,... 

Kazmierczak, B., B. Thode, S. Bartnitzke, J. Bullerdiek, and W. Schloot. 1992. Pleomorphic adenoma cells vary in their susceptibility to SV40 transformation depending on the initial karyotype. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 5(1) 35-9. 

Persons with familial adenomatous polyposis are at 105,106 increased risk for adenomas and cancers of the small and large intestines. In the small intestine, these lesions occur mainly around the Ampulla of Vater, where their distribution parallels mucosal exposure to bile. 

W. Wang, S. Xue, S. A. Ingles, Q. Chen, A. T. Diep, H. D. Frankl, A. Stolz and R. W. Haile, An association between genetic polymorphisms in the ileal sodium-dependent bile-acid transporter gene and the risk of colorectal adenomas, Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., 2001, 10, 931. 

As shown in Table 2-2, 300 mg/kg/day is the cancer effect level (CEL) for renal tubular cell adenomas in male rats and 600 mg/kg/day is the CEL for hepatocellular carcinomas and hepatoblastomas in mice (NTP 1987). A qj (the upper-bound estimate of the low-dose slope of the dose-response curve as determined by the multistage procedure) of 6x10 per mg/kg/day has been calculated from the data on renal tumors in rats (Battelle and Crump 1986). The qi for the mouse liver tumor data is 2.4x10 per mg/kg/day (HEAST 1992). These values are currently under review by the EPA (HEAST 1990) and have not been included in the IRIS (1998) database. 

No skin cancer was reported in B6C3Fj mice chronically exposed to 250 and 500 mg/kg/day of JP-5 (NTP/NIH 1986). There was a 2-6% incidence of squamous cell papilloma and/or carcinoma of the skin in B6C3Fj mice chronically exposed to 250 (females only) or 500 (both sexes) mg/kg/day marine diesel fuel. The effect did not occur in the control groups the statistical significance of these effects was not reported. Hepatocellular adenoma or carcinoma were noted in males exposed to 250 and 500 mg/kg/day... 

Although several epidemiological studies have suggested a positive association between dichlorvos exposure and cancer, conclusions are limited because all have involved small study groups and exposure to several agents. In animal studies chronic gavage administration of dichlorvos caused a dose-related increase in papillomas of the forestomach in mice and a dose-related increase in mononuclear-cell leukemia and an increased incidence of pancreatic acinar cell adenomas in male rats. The lARC has determined that there is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of DDVP in experimental animals and inadequate evidence in humans. ... 

No excess of cancer was reported in two follow-up smdies of affected individuals in Turkey about 20-30 years after consumption of contaminated grain had ceased. " In mice, liver tumors were observed after exposure to HCB at 12-24mg/kg/day in the diet, but not at 6mg/kg/day. Hepatomas, hepatocellular carcinomas, bile duct adenomas, and renal cell adenomas were observed in rats after dietary administration." Liver tumors were also observed in 100% of surviving females and 16% of males after dietary administration to rats for 90 weeks. In another study, increased incidence of parathyroid adenomas and adrenal pheochromocytomas were observed in male and female rats and liver neoplastic nodules in females of the Ei generation in a two-generation feeding study. 

---