Bismuth safety

Fusible Safety Devices. Low melting bismuth ahoys, especiahy those that are eutectic have found numerous uses in safety devices. These ahoys can be cast into any shape necessary in order to be used in a plug or switch that must function at a given temperature. 

Safety No industrial poisoning from bismuth has been reported (10). However, precautions should be taken against the careless handling of bismuth and its compounds ingestion and inhalation of dusts and fumes should be avoided. 

Scarpignato C, Pelosini I Bismuth compounds for eradication of Helicobacter pylori Pharmacology and safety. Progr Basic Clin Pharmacol 1999 11 87-126. 

Bis(monofluoro)-triazine dyes, 9 473 Bismuth (Bi) 4 1-16. See also Bismuth alloys Bismuth compounds analysis, 4 10 barium alloys with, 3 344 catalyst poison, 5 257t economic aspects, 4 6-9 environmental concerns, 4 10-11 fabrication, 4 4-5 health and safety factors, 4 10-11 manufacture and processing, 4 3-6 mine and refinery production by country, 4 8t... 

Tilhnan LA, Drake EM, Dixon JS, Wood JR. Review article safety of bismuth in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1996 10(4) 459-67. 

Safety devices -standards and specifications [MATERIALS STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS] (Vol 16) -shape-memory actuators for [SITAPE-MEMORYALLOYS] (Vol 21) -use of bismuth alloys [BISMUTH AND BISMUTH ALLOYS] (Vol 4)... 

Further additions of bismuth, cadmium, and antimony to the tin-lead alloys result in the low inching or "fusible" alloys widely used as safety... 

The first action was to select and secure an alpha emitter. For that Oak Ridge National Laboratory was identified as a possible source. Two years later, after implementing agreements and safety procedures, we had secured samples of bismuth 213 with actinium 225 to serve as the alpha source for the program. To develop the radionucleotide delivery system (the cow), the Karlsruhe Atomic Energy Laboratory was contracted. This approach serves as an example of a global collaborative program. 

The analysis has shown that the SRP s with beryllium reflector flooded with lead-bismuth alloy are the most dangerous from the point of view of nuclear safety. The main reasons that can cause Kgfr variation due to a positive reactivity are air voids (porosity) being present in the SRP s cores and the possibility for these voids to be filled with water, as water reactivity worth in the SRP s core is -0.7 Peff / L. Thus it means that about 30 Liters of water have to be accumulated for K ff to be - 1 in the core. 

SAFETY PROFILE Poison by intraperitoneal route. Human systemic effects by ingestion fever, osteomalacia, and gastrointestinal effects. When coprecipitated with bismuth hydroxide and reduced by Ha, it is violendy flammable in air. Incompatible with chlorinated rubber. 

SAFETY PROFILE Poisonous to humans. See also BISMUTH COMPOUNDS. Flammable when exposed to flame. 

SAFETY PROFILE Low toxicity by ingestion. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. See also BISMUTH COMPOUNDS and CARBAMATES. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of SOx and NOx. 

In February of 1988, however, Chu—and researchers working on their own at the National Institute for Metals at Japan s City of Brains, at Tsukuba—came up with something that finally seemed legitimate. The compounds used by the two groups were very similar, mixtures of bismuth—a crystalline metal used to make alloys, heat-activated safety devices for fire detection and sprinkler systems, and medical and cosmetic preparations—strontium, calcium, copper, and oxygen (Chu s also contained aluminum). The Japanese ceramic had zero resistance at 105° K, Chu s at 114° K. 

This review describes factors concerning the safety and environmental effects of organic arsenic, antimony and bismuth compounds. The factors involve the production and use of the elements, toxicity, pollution, metabolism (alkylation), health effect assessment, fate and so on. 

Pipkin GA, Mills JG, Kler L, Dbcon JS, Wood JR. The safety of ranitidine bismuth citrate in controlled clinical studies. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 1996 5(6) 399 107. 

The primary use of bismuth metal is in making alloys. Many bismuth alloys have low melting points. The metal itself melts at 520°F (271°C), but some bismuth alloys melt at temperatures as low as 160°F (70°C). This temperature is below the boiling point of water. These alloys are used in fire sprinkler systems, fuel tank safety plugs, solders, and other applications. 

Thompson L P, Burrow J A, Madison J R et al 1994 Effect of bethanechol on equine gastric motility and secretion. In Proceedings of the 5th Equine Colic Research Symposium, Athens, GA, p. 12 Tillman L A, Drake F M, Dixon J S et al 1996 Safety of bismuth in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 10 459-467... 

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