Polymers biomimetic supramolecular

Figure 6 Examples of compounds that in selective solvents produce biomimetic supramolecular polymers that depending on the conditions exhibit a co-operature intramolecular ordering transition from random to highly ordered helical stacks or a nucleated polymerization transition from oligomeric prenuclei to very long, helical polymeric objects (ten Cate and Sijbesma, 2002 Dankers and Meijer, 2007 van Gorp et al., 2002 Brunsveld, 2001 Jonkheijm, 2005 Hirschberg, 2001).

Abstract Novel synthesis of biomimetic PHB polymers using supramolecular catalyst... 

Biomimetics is an important strategy for the fabrication of modern biomaterials that provides solutions which closely resemble those of living systems. In the area of biomimetic supramolecular chemistry, a surface-grafted PMOEP polymer has recently been found to impart mesoporous silica with switchable ion channel transport properties. This was enabled by the dual protonation and Ca chelation ability of the polymer phosphate groups. A series of studies made use of PMAEP-based copolymers in the fabrication of biomimetic adhesives which were inspired by the sandcastle worm that produces peptide polyelectrolytes rich in phosphorylated serine. These adhesives were aimed at providing molecular solutions to... 

Molecular information-based recognition events represent a means of performing programmed materials engineering and processing of biomimetic or abiotic type and may lead to self-assembling nanostructures, organized and functional species of nanometric dimensions that define a supramolecular nanochemistry, an area to which supramolecular polymer chemistry is particularly well suited and able to make important contributions. 

In this chapter we describe the basic principles involved in the controlled production and modification of two-dimensional protein crystals. These are synthesized in nature as the outermost cell surface layer (S-layer) of prokaryotic organisms and have been successfully applied as basic building blocks in a biomolecular construction kit. Most importantly, the constituent subunits of the S-layer lattices have the capability to recrystallize into iso-porous closed monolayers in suspension, at liquid-surface interfaces, on lipid films, on liposomes, and on solid supports (e.g., silicon wafers, metals, and polymers). The self-assembled monomolecular lattices have been utilized for the immobilization of functional biomolecules in an ordered fashion and for their controlled confinement in defined areas of nanometer dimension. Thus, S-layers fulfill key requirements for the development of new supramolecular materials and enable the design of a broad spectrum of nanoscale devices, as required in molecular nanotechnology, nanobiotechnology, and biomimetics [1-3]. 

Guan Z. Supramolecular design in biopolymers and biomimetic polymers for advanced mechanical properties. Pol3mi Int 2007 56 467-473. 

Biomimetic polymers. 2. Molecular recognition. 3. Supramolecular chemistry. 

Electrocatalytic groups such as porphyrins and phthalocyanines that act as supramolecular hosts for different metals and mimic the active sites of various proteins are commonly used in amperometric sensors [66,67]. A biomimetic sensor based on an artificial enzyme or synzyme has been demonstrated [68]. The artificial enzyme used in this study was a synthetic polymer (quaternised polyethyleneimine containing 10% primary amines) which decarboxylated oxaloacetate. The product carbon dioxide was detected potentiometrically via a gas membrane electrode. 

The Advanced Materials Series provides recent advancements of the fascinating field of advanced materials science and technology, particularly in the area of structure, synthesis and processing, characterization, advanced-state properties, and applications. The volumes will cover theoretical and experimental approaches of molecular device materials, biomimetic materials, hybrid-type composite materials, functionalized polymers, supramolecular systems, information- and energy-transfer materials, biobased and biodegradable or environmental friendly materials. Each volume will be devoted to one broad subject and the multidisciplinary aspects will be drawn out in full. 

The quadruple hydrogen bond interaction of the biomimetic polymer discussed in the previous example was also studied in dimeric (UPy)2 complexes and supramolecular bridges comprising N (UPy)2 linkages between the AFM tip and the surface. The mpture forces for UPy moieties linked... 

The first half of this chapter (Sections II-IV) briefly describes molecular design, fabrication, and application of two-dimensional supramolecular nanostructures, i.e., immoblized bilayer films, polymeric LB films, and alternatively deposted polymer multilayers, which are the best-suited engineered assembhes employed in the first step of the biomimetic approach for material design and fabrication. 

It is also interesting that rod assemblies can be apphcable to biomimetic or bioconjugate systems, hi Sect. 2.7, artificial nucleic acid complexes consisting of amphiphihc rods and linear nucleic acid polymers showed single twisted right-handed hehcal fibers. In addition, carbohydrate-coated supramolecular objects self-assembled by rod-coils or wedge-coils revealed outstanding fig-... 

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