Biomedicinal application

Saxena, A.K. (1987). Organotin compounds toxicity and biomedicinal applications, Appl. Organomet. Chem., 1, 39-56. 

Under the general provisions of novelty, non-obviousness and utility/technical applicability the following examples of biological subject matter with biomedicinal applications may be considered as patentable. For products which also occur in nature, this applies to a form which is isolated from nature or changed from how they exist in nature. See also Table 9 for country-specific exclusions. 

Intriguingly, some of the properties of LMWGs, such as biodegradabihty, biocompatibility, and gende physical and chemical profiles, represent considerable potential in the fields of biomedicinal applications and drug delivery [58-62]. For this purpose, amphiphilic 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic derivatives with linkers of different lengths (26a, 26b, Fig. 3.23) were developed by us [63]. The compounds 26a and 26b with two naked -COOH are able to gel in aqueous ethanol, meanwhile, they can trap a great amount of tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) in gel tissue. In the presence of BSA or amino acids, TH could be controUably released into water solution. 

Table 1 Metals with biomedicinal applications (or potential applications) [10-13] ...

Based on the DLS measurements it is possible to find particle size distributions of polymers and proteins, particle aggregation phenomena, micellar systems and their stability, micro-emulsion technology, colloid behaviour, nucleation processes and protein crystallization. DLS is a non-destructive and convenient method and so it can find application in various branches of science. In chemistry it finds application in topics of colloids, polymers, emulsions, suspensions, nanoparticles, and in physics, applications such as in astrophysics and atmosphere physics and in biology it involves biophysics and biomedicine applications. 

Issa Bashar, Obaidat Ihab M., Albiss Borhan A., and Haik Yousef. Magnetic nanoparticles Surface effects and properties related to biomedicine applications. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 14 no. 11 (2013) 21266-21305. 

Unlike CNTs, BNNTs are less investigated in the biomedicinal applications. The major problan remains the insolubility of BNNTs in aqueous medium, as well as any other common organic solvents this can be overcome via surface functionalization of the BNNTs. There are a few published reports available on noncovalent, as well as covalent, functionalizations of BNNTs. Zhi et al. reported BNNTs, wrapped in a polymer, were soluble in organic solvents, for example, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran. Functionalization of BNNTs by amine-terminated oligomeric poly(ethylene glycol), stearoyl chloride, interaction with Lewis bases, ammonia plasma irradiation were also studied. Recently, Chen et al. cited the noncytotoxicity of BNNTs and emphasized the need for water-soluble BNNTs. ... 

Another application to biomedicine is to use Raman probing to study DNA biotargets and to identify sequence genes. In fact SERS has been applied to such problems [174]. 

G. 147 Swan, Applications of Optimal Control Theory in Biomedicine (1984)... 

Primary phosphines (R-PHj) are an important ciass of compounds in organophosphorus chemistry. Aithough discovered over a century ago, their chemistry and appiications have gained prominence in recent years. This review discusses recent deveiopments on synthesis, moiecuiar structure, properties, and appiications of primary phosphines. In particular, discussions on synthesis and properties emphasize recent results from our laboratory on the chemical architecture of amide, thioether, and carboxylate functionalized primary bisphos-phines. The utility of bromo- and aminopropyl phosphines (X(CH2)3PH2 X=Br or NH2) as building blocks to produce designer primary phosphines that display exceptional oxidative stability is described. The review also discusses the utility of carboxylate functionalized primary phosphines for incorporation on to peptides and their potential applications in catalysis and biomedicine. 

Since water is the preferred solvent both in industrial technologies and biomedicine, the development of highly hydrophilic metal colloids has been a key step for a number of recently reported practical applications [182,203]. 

B. Bliimich, W. Kuhn (eds.) 1992, Magnetic Resonance Microscopy, Methods and Application in Materials Science, Agriculture and Biomedicine, Weinheim, VCH. 

Almost all applications of mass spectrometry in biochemistry and biomedicine require preparation of the samples prior to MS analysis. Sample preparation typically includes a number of steps to purify and concentrate target biomarker analytes. However, heme crystal formation, a unique evolutionary... 

Roca, A.G., Costo, R., Rebolledo, A.F., Veintemillas-Verdaguer, S., Tartaj, P., Gonzalez-Carreno, T., Morales, M.P. and Serna, C.J. (2009) Progress in the preparation of magnetic nanopartides for applications in biomedicine. Journal of Physics D Applied Physics, 42 (22), 11. 

The introduction of soft ionization techniques, such as plasma desorption (PD),[1] field desorption (FD)[2] and fast atom bombardment (FAB),[3] marked the beginning of a new era for MS. In fact, they allowed MS to extend its applications to wide classes of nonvolatile, polar, thermally unstable and high molecular weight analytes. This opened up new horizons for MS in many unexpected fields, such as biology, biomedicine and biotechnology, in which this methodology had not previously found any possible application. 

J. M. de la Fuente and S. Penades, Glyconanoparticles types, synthesis and applications in glycoscience, biomedicine and material science, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1760 (2006) 636-651. 

The versatility and the robustness of CE separation in conjunction with the extreme sensitivity inherent to CL-based reactions make a combination of both techniques promising for application in a wide range of fields, including environmental analysis, biomedicine, and biological research and practice. Obviously, in comparison with other detection modes widely incorporated in CE, CL detection is a slowly evolving technique and advances should focus on the development of new detectors that are instrumentally simpler than existing systems and that offer the ability to detect various types of analytes at trace levels. 

This chapter will describe the potential of carbon nanotubes in biomedicine. It will illustrate the methodologies to render nanotubes biocompatible, the studies on their cell uptake, their application in vaccine delivery, their interaction with nucleic acids and their impact on health. 

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