Bayer model

Add wood furnish (384 g, moisture content 6.02%) to the bowl of a rotary blade paddle mixer (such as a Kitchen-Aid KSM90) and agitate at the lowest speed setting. Add Mondur 541 (7.39 g, 1.9% w/w, a polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate of 31.5% NCO, Bayer) dropwise over a 5-min period using a disposable syringe. Continue blending for an additional 10 min and then transfer the blend to an 8 x 8 x 2 -in. metal form at the bottom of which is a metal plate which fits inside. The resin-coated furnish is evenly spread inside the form and another metal plate is placed on top. All parts of the form and plates are presprayed with mold release. The completed form assembly is placed into a hydraulic press (such as a model PW-22 manufactured by Pasadena Hydraulics) with platens heated at 350°F. The furnish is then pressed between the two form plates to a thickness of j in. Press controls are used to ensure consistency of board thickness. The assembly is heated for 4 min. before demolding the cured wood panel. 

Considering the failure of available log D methods to predict in-house data and taking into account that such data are usually generated just for a few fixed pH values, a number of companies started to elaborate in-house methods for log D prediction at fixed pH. Up to date several companies have reported development of such methods. For example, Cerep has developed methods to predict log D at pH 7.4 and 6.5 included in their Bio Print package [107], but details of their method are not pubhshed. HQSAR Tripos descriptors were used by Bayer to develop log D models at pH 2.3 and 7.5 using 70000 (qi =0.76, STD =0.60) and 7000 (qi =0.83, STD =0.67) compounds, respectively [108] however, again, no details of the approach were provided. 

Marchal-Roch, C. Bayer, R. Moisan, J.F. Teze, A. Herve, G. Oxidative dehydrogenation of isobu-tyric acid Characterization and modeling of vanadium containing polyoxometalate catalysts. Top. Catal. 1996, 5,407-419. 

PK-Map and PK-Sim (Bayer Technology Services, Wuppertal, Germany), that are based on the models described by Willman et al. [54], In these software packages, the intestinal permeability coefficient can be calculated using a compound s lipophilicity and molecular weight [52,54] and hence, no experimental permeability data is needed. Different to the model described by Willman et al. [54], the commercial prediction tools model the dissolution rate taking the particle size distribution of the solid particles into account (www.pk-sim.com). 

To prove this pi space, measurements in differently sized model equipment are necessary to produce reliable process characteristics. For a particular foamer (Mersolat H of Bayer AG, Germany) the results are given in Figure 4. They fully confirm the pi space, Equation (22). 

M. Wilchek, E.A. Bayer and O. Livnah, Essentials of biorecognition the (strept)avidin-biotin system as a model for protein-protein and protein-ligand interaction, Immunol. Lett., 103 (2006) 27-32. 

One objective of presenting screw models in this book is to proceed from the simple to the more difficult. With this in mind, the descriptions have focused on models based on reliable principles. The contributors from Bayer Technology Services have intentionally not included descriptions of some models for processing steps, as these models require further... 

With respect to the first point it is obvious that laboratory screws, developmental experiments, and prototype product machines were developed with the workshop technology available in-house. Here in particular, Erdmenger s university training in mechanical engineering and his leadership were an essential driving force on the road to success. The team produced the DA/DK = 32/24 mm laboratory screw as a Bayer house model around 1948. 

The model measurements [17] were performed on three geometrically similar appliances in the scale-ratio p= 1 1.5 2. Fig. 4 shows the dependence, eq. (6.2), for the foaming agent Mersolat H (BAYER/Leverkusen, Germany). The process equation reads ... 

Petersen U, et al. Quinolone- and naphthyridonecarboxylic acid derivatives. 1994. Bayer AG EP 705 828. Dimpfel W, et al. Hippocampal activity in the presence of quinolones and fen-bufen in vitro. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 1991, 35, 1142-1146. Schmuck G, Schtirmann A, Schluter G. Determination of the excitatory potencies of fluoroquinolones in the central nervous system by an in vitro model. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 1998, 42, 1831-1836. 

A probable first commercial use of a soy-based formulation in a high density structural foam polyurethane RIM system is from John Deere, Bayer, and G.I. Plastek, organizations that launched a commercial program during 2001. Beginning with the 2002 model year, John Deere Harvester Works entire line of combines included body panels molded with HarvestForm composite. 

Bartus RT, Johnson HR (1976) Short-term memory in the rhesus monkey disruption from the anti-choUnergic scopolamine. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 5 39-46 Bayer TA, Wirths O (2008) Review on the APP/PS1K1 mouse model intraneuronal Abeta accumulation triggers axonopathy, neuron loss and working memory impairment. Genes Brain Behav 7(Suppl 1) 6-11... 

E, Ret G, Canton T, Drobecq H, Clark A, Bonici B, Delacourte A, Benavides J, Schmitz C, Tremp G, Bayer TA, Benoit P, Pradier L (2004) Massive CAl/2 neuronal loss with intraneuronal and N-terminal truncated Abeta42 accumulation in a novel Alzheimer transgenic model. Am J Pathol 165 1289-1300... 

Christensen DZ, Bayer TA, Wirths O (2008a) Intracellular Abeta triggers neuron loss in the cholinergic system of the APP/PSIKI mouse model of Alzheimer s disease. Neurobiol Aging... 

Page G, Rioux Bilan A, Ingrand S, Lafay-Chebassier C, Pain S, Perault Pochat MC, Bouras C, Bayer T, Hugon J (2006) Activated double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase and neuronal death in models of Alzheimer s disease. Neuroscience 139 1343-1354... 

Schmitz C, Rutten BP, Pielen A, Schafer S, Wirths O, Tremp G, Czech C, Blanchard V, Multhaup G, Rezaie P, Korr H, Steinbusch HW, Pradier L, Bayer TA (2004) Hippocampal neuron loss exceeds amyloid plaque load in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer s disease. Am J Pathol 164 1495-1502... 

The largest commercially available datasets are the Physical Properties (PHYSPROP) and AQUASOL databases ca. 6000 compounds in each database). The AQUASOL database has been published as a book. Furthermore, two relatively large sets of aqueous solubility data models were used in many other studies.Data from the AQUASOL database had an interlaboratory variation of about a = 0.49 log-units (as estimated for A=1031 molecules).Moreover, large inter-laboratory errors mask the influence of temperature, and differences as large as AT = 30 °C do not increase this error. In-house models developed at pharmaceutical companies could be based on similar or even larger numbers of measurements. For example, about 5000 molecules were used to develop a model at Bayer Healthcare AG. " ... 

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