Bath immersion

Shake out any unadsorbed peptide, and wash the plate three times in TBS by immersion of the plate in a TBS bath Immerse the plate at an angle to avoid trapping air bubbles. Shake the plate dry... 

Phase inversion refers to the controlled transformation of a cast polymeric solution from a Hquid into a soHd state. During the phase-inversion process, a thermodynamically stable polymer solution is usually subjected to controlled Hquid-H-quid derabdng. This phase separation of the cast polymer solution into a polymer-rich and a polymer-lean phase can be induced by immersion in a non-solvent bath ( immersion precipitation ), by evaporating the volatile solvent from a polymer that was dissolved in a solvent/non-solvent mixture ( controlled evaporation ), by lowering the temperature ( thermal precipitation ) or by placing the cast film in a vapor phase that consists of a non-solvent saturated with a solvent ( precipitation from vapor phase ) [1]. 

Bath 5 (etch bath) Immerse in Bath 5 for 2 min at room temp. 

Flowmeter Ultrasonic nebulizer Peristatic pump Solution Water bath Immersion cooler... 

LOCKE, J.B., vicKNAiR, M.R., osTLAND, V.E., NIZET, v. and BUCHANAN, j.T. (2010) Evaluation of Streptococcus iniae kfiled bacterin and live attenuated vaccines in hybrid striped bass through injection and bath immersion. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 89,117-123. 

Finally, other tests to control jet fuel corrosivity towards certain metals (copper and silver) are used in aviation. The corrosion test known as the copper strip (NF M 07-015) is conducted by immersion in a thermostatic bath at 100°C, under 7 bar pressure for two hours. The coloration should not exceed level 1 (light yellow) on a scale of reference. There is also the silver strip corrosion test (IP 227) required by British specifications (e.g., Rolls Royce) in conjunction with the use of special materials. The value obtained should be less than 1 after immersion at 50°C for four hours. 

Fig.5. Appearance of installation for the testing of pistons of diesel engines. 1- ultrasonic flow detector 2- electronic blocks 3- electromechanical drives 4- immersion bath 5-controllable detail.

Two major sources of ultrasound are employed, namely ultrasonic baths and ultrasonic immersion hom probes [79, 71]- The fonuer consists of fixed-frequency transducers beneath the exterior of the bath unit filled with water in which the electrochemical cell is then fixed. Alternatively, the metal bath is coated and directly employed as electrochemical cell, but m both cases the results strongly depend on the position and design of the set-up. The ultrasonic horn transducer, on the other hand, is a transducer provided with an electrically conducting tip (often Ti6A14V), which is inuuersed in a three-electrode thenuostatted cell to a depth of 1-2 cm directly facing the electrode surface. 

The input to a minimisation program consists of a set of initial coordinates for the system. The initial coordinates may come from a variety of sources. They may be obtained from an experimental technique, such as X-ray crystallography or NMR. In other cases a theoretical method is employed, such as a conformational search algorithm. A combination of experimenfal and theoretical approaches may also be used. For example, to study the behaviour of a protein in water one may take an X-ray structure of the protein and immerse it in a solvent bath, where the coordinates of the solvent molecules have been obtained from a Monte Carlo or molecular dynamics simulation. 

Concentrate each of the two solutions (or eluates) to about 20 ml, by distilling off the greater part of the benzene, the distilling-flask being immersed in the boiling water-bath. Then pour the concentrated solution into an evaporating-basin, and evaporate the remaining benzene (preferably in a fume-cupboard) in the absence of free flames, i.e., on an electrically heated water-bath, or on a steam-bath directly connected to a steam-pipe. Wash the dry residue from the first eluate with petrol and then dry it in a desiccator pure o-nitroaniline, m.p. 72°, is obtained. Wash the second residue similarly with a small quantity of benzene and dry pure />--nitroaniline, m.p. 148" , is obtained. Record the yield and m.p. of each component. 

Dissolve 13 g. of sodium in 30 ml. of absolute ethanol in a 250 ml. flask carrying a reflux condenser, then add 10 g. (9 5 ml.) of redistilled ethyl malonate, and place the flask on a boiling water-bath. Without delay, add a solution of 5 3 g. of thiourea in a minimum of boiling absolute ethanol (about 100 ml.). The sodium salt of thiobarbituric acid rapidly begins to separate. Fit the water-condenser with a calcium chloride guard-tube (Fig. 61, p. 105), and boil the mixture on the water-bath for 1 hour. Cool the mixture, filter off the sodium salt at the pump and wash it with a small quantity of cold acetone. Dissolve the salt in warm water and liberate the acid by the addition of 30 ml. of concentrated hydrochloric acid diluted with 30 ml. of water. Cool the mixture, filter off the thiobarbituric acid, and recrystallise it from hot water. Colourless crystals, m.p. 245 with decomposition (immersed at 230°). Yield, 3 5 -4 0 g. 

Yield, 22 -23 g. This product has m.p. 152-155 " when heated from room temperature, and 155 156° when immersed in a heating-bath at 140 . 

The comparatively inexpensive long-scale thermometer, widely used by students, is usually calibrated for complete immersion of the mercury column in the vapour or liquid. As generally employed for boiling point or melting point determinations, the entire column is neither surrounded by the vapour nor completely immersed in the liquid. The part of the mercury column exposed to the cooler air of the laboratory is obviously not expanded as much as the bulk of the mercury and hence the reading will be lower than the true temperature. The error thus introduced is not appreciable up to about 100°, but it may amount to 3-5° at 200° and 6-10° at 250°. The error due to the column of mercury exposed above the heating bath can be corrected by adding a stem correction, calculated by the formula ... 

A set-up for distillation under reduced pressure is shown in Fig. 11,60,3 it is generally more convenient to use a Kon receiver or a Perkin triangle (Fig. 11, 56, 31). The vessel at the side, connected to the assembly by rubber pressure tubing, may be immersed in a Dry Ice-acetone bath and serves as a trap for volatile materials. 

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