Pesticide applications

Yaron B, Gerstl Z (1983) Herbicide residues in soils following point source application. Pesticide chemistry, human welfare and the environment. Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp 207-212 Yaron B, Bielorai H, Kliger L (1974) Fate of insecticides in an irrigated field—azinphosmethyl and tetradifon cases. J Environ Qual 3 413 17... 

Apart from agricultural applications, pesticides are applied over large areas for other purposes such as the control of the tsetse fly and locust swarms in Africa. 

Residential Post-Application Pesticide Exposure Monitoring... 

RESIDENTIAL POST-APPLICATION PESTICIDE EXPOSURE MONITORING 73... 

The tremendous achievements which have been accomplished by the judicious use of pesticides in increased world-wide food production and the control of vector-bome diseases are very evident. In addition, pesticidal materials contribute to the effective control of undesirable species of pests including insects, plants, bacteria, fungi, etc., and assist in the nutrition, growth, and reproduction of certain desirable species. However, because of widespread use in these applications, pesticides have proliferated intensely in the biosphere and thus have significantly contributed to problems of environmental pollution. For example, the effects of these chemicals on public health and the survival of species of fish and wildlife are two specific areas of critical concern. The attention which has been focused in recent years on the occiurence of residues of pesticides and their metabohtes, as well as other industrially significant chemicals in the environment, is demonstrated by the numerous reports of various official and unofficial committees of inquiry which have considered this problem and have reported the results of large numbers of assays of pesticide residues in such diverse substrates as human and animal tissues, food, plants, water, soil, and air. 

MAJOR PRODUCT APPLICATIONS pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, absorbents, drilling mud, joint compounds, neutralizers, asphalt thickeners, adhesives, paints, coatings, sealants, environmental remediation materials, antidiarrheal medication, gels... 

MAJOR PRODUCT APPLICATIONS paints, coatings, rubber, abrasive polishes, cleaning waxes, seed coatings, anticaking agent, antiblock applications, pesticide formulations, asphalt extender, automotive windshields, catalyst support, concrete additive, dental molds, drilling mud, filter papers and pads, specialty p ers, paperboard, foundry, waste disposal aids, stucco, battery boxes, plastic film... 

Abstract Indoor contamination is one source of exposure to toxic pollutants and has been classified as a high environmental risk. Epidemiological research linked health effects including childhood leukemia and neuroblastoma to the indoor occurrence of pesticides. Pesticides in indoor environments contribute to human exposure via inhalation, non dietary ingestion and dermal contact. Sources for pesticides indoors are direct applications, pesticides used in varnishes, colors, adhesives, etc., or in finishing textiles, leather, carpets, etc., and pesticides brought in from outdoors. Results for pesticides in indoor environments from different countries and obtained under different conditions are compiled in this chapter. They are discussed by applying two approaches (1) the comparison with reference values... 

Key applications Pesticides, herbicides and plant growth regulators (carbamates, glyphosate, diquat/paraquat, pyrethrins, organophosphorus compounds) Industrial pollutants (dyes, surfactants, amines, PAHs, PCBs, dioxins, phenols, aldehydes)... 

Joyce RJV, Uk S, Parkin CS, 1977, Efficiency in pesticide application, Pesticide Management and Resistance, pp. 199-215. 

Gaskin RE and Stevens, PJG Antagonism of the foliar uptake of glyphosate into grasses by organosilicones surfactants. Parts 1 and 2 Effect of plant species, formulation, concentrations and timing of application. Pesticide Science, 38 185-200 (1993). 

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