Antigenic vaccine protein

A. Purification of an Antigenic Vaccine Protein by Selective Displacement Chromatography... 

Pharmacia DEAE Fast Flow Sepharose (weak anion exchange, 90 (jl particles) Low molecular weight aromatic sulfonates (e.g., p-toluene sulfonic acid) Antigenic vaccine protein from complex feed stream by selective displacement 50... 

FIGURE 7.16 Selective displacement of the antigen vaccine protein (AVP). Displacer 35 mM p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTS). Mobile phase 20 mM, pH 7.0 Tris buffer. Column 10 x 290 mm DEAE Fast Flow Sepharose. Loading 6.5 ml of AVP feedstock per ml of column volume. Flow rate 1 ml/min. Fraction size 1 ml. AVP fractions are numbered from 1 to 16. 

Shukla AA, Hopfer RL, Chakravarti DN, Bortell E, Cramer SM. Purification of an antigenic vaccine protein by selective displacement chromatography. Biotech Prog 1998 14 92-101. 

Yeast expression vectors have been among those most commonly used since the beginning of gene technology. Vectors based on baker s yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, have been especially popular for robust expression of many types of recombinant proteins [90]. For instance, the first commercially available recombinant vaccine, the hepatitis B surface antigen vaccine, was produced from an S. cerevisiae vector [91]. Many other recombinant proteins have also been efficiently expressed in yeast including al-Antitrypsin [92], insulin [93], Epstein-Barr virus envelope protein [94], superoxide dismutase [95] and interferon-a [90]. 

Perez-Filgueira, D.M., Zamorano, PL, Dominguez, M.G., Taboga, O., Del Medico Zajac, M.P., Puntel, M., Romera, S.A., Morris, T.J., Borca, M.V., Sadir, A.M. (2003). Bovine herpes virus gD protein produced in plants nsing a recombinant tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) vector possesses authentic antigenicity. Vaccine 21 4201 209. 

The provocation of mucosal immunity against a given antigen can be achieved by other means besides oral ingestion. For example, intranasal administration of vaccine proteins can improve local mucosal immunity and enable large populations to be immunized at a lower cost. Plant-derived vaccines provide hope for more immunogenic, more effective and... 

S. B. Svenson, M. Nurminen, and A. A. Lindberg, Artificial Salmonella vaccines O-Antigenic oligosaccharide-protein conjugates induce protection against infection with Salmonella typhimurium, Infect Immun., 25 (1979) 863-872. 

One of the limitations of oral vaccination is that it does not always induce sufficient immunity. There are a few good reasons for this. First, the GI tract is designed to digest proteins by acidic and enzymatic degradation for absorption. Because most antigens are proteins in nature, they may be degraded by enzymes in the GI tract as well as by acids in the stomach. This is why soluble antigens administered orally... 

Trivalent Oral Polio Vaccine (TOPV)- TOPV (Sabin vaccine. I960) is a live attenuated whole virus vaccine (antigen type, protein) containing polio strains I. 2. and 3. The virus culture is grown on monkey kidney tissue with use of an elaborate attenuation protocol. Oral administration of the vaccine yields a local Gl infection, and the initial immune respon.se is via IgA (mucosal, local to the Gl tract). The IgA-antigen complex undergoes transcytosis across the mucosal membrane, and systemic immunity is induced as IgM and IgG form. A major caution with TOPV is that it is a live vaccine and must never be injected. Indications ore... 

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