Antidepressant-like effect

Le Foil, B., Sokoloff, P., Stark, H., Goldberg, S.R. Dopamine D3 receptor hgands block nicotine-induced conditioned place preferences through a mechanism that does not involve discriminative-stimulus or antidepressant-like effects. Neuropsychopharmacology. 30 720, 2005. 

Newton, S.S., Thome, J., Wallace, T.L. et al. Inhibition of cAMP response element-binding protein or dynorphin in the nucleus accumbens produces an antidepressant-like effect. J. Neurosci. 22 10883, 2002. 

A recent study further supported the involvement of dopamine in the mechanism of antidepressants [82]. In this study, the antidepressant-like effect of citalo-pram, paroxetine, desipramine and imipramine in the mouse forced swim test (FST) was compared with and without dopamine depletion. It was found that lesioning with 6-OHDA did not affect the response of mice to desipramine and imipramine, whereas dopamine depletion abolished the antidepressant-like effect of citalopram and paroxetine. These results suggest that the antidepressant-like effect of SSRIs in the FST requires the activation of dopaminergic pathways. 

Antidepressant Some animal models show antidepressant effects of lobelia extract (Subarnas et al. 1992). Similar to imipramine and mianserin, beta-amyrin palmitate shows antidepressant-like effects in the forced-swimming test (Subarnas et al. 1993a). Whereas mianserin and beta-amyrin palmitate reduce locomotor activity induced by methamphetamine, imipramine increases it. It potentiates sodium pentobarbital-induced sleep more potently than imipramine, but less than mianserin. Collectively, the effects of beta-amyrin palmitate in behavioral and physiological assays suggests it may work in a manner more similar to mianserin than imipramine. However, the mechanism of antidepressant-like effects of lobelia is uncertain. It may be through the beta-amyrin palmitate s ability to release norepinephrine (Subarnas et al. 1993b). An antidepressant effect of lobelia has not been established in humans. 

Not all species of Saint-John s-wort have antidepressant effects, to have antidepressant-like effects in animal models equal to H, ssp. elongatum) do not (Ozturk 1997). 

Studies in mice have shown a hypericum extract to increase exploration in an unfamiliar environment, prolong sedative sleep time, and antagonize the effects of reserpine. Other antidepressant-like effects are found on the water-wheel test, and chronic administration decreased aggression in socially isolated male mice (Okpanyi and Weischer 1987). 

Thus, ginkgo s actions on the HPA axis may afford it anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects, particularly when stress is a causal factor. Considering its neuroendocrine effects, investigation of ginkgo in depression may still be warranted, particularly where stress and anxiety play causal roles. Summaty and Conclusions... 

Reddy DS, Kaur G, Kulkarni SK. (1998). Sigma (sigmal) receptor mediated antidepressant-like effects of neurosteroids in the Porsolt forced swim test. Neuroreport. 9(13) 3069-73. 

Papp M, Moryl E (1996) Antidepressant-like effects of 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylicacid and D-cycloserine in an animal model of depression. Em J Pharmacol 316 145-151 Park KM, Max MB, Robinovitz E, et al (1995) Effects of intravenons ketamine, alfentanil, or placebo on pain, pinprick hyperalgesia, and allodyniaprodncedbyintradermal capsaicin in human subjects. Pain 63 163-172... 

Stogner KA, Holmes PV (2000) Neuropeptide-Y exerts antidepressant-like effects in the forced swim test in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 387 R9-R10 Stout SC, Owens MJ, Nemeroff CB (2002) Regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor neuronal systems and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity by stress and chronic antidepressant treatment. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 300 1085-1092 StrOhle A, Jahn H, Montkowski A, Liebsch G, Boll E, Landgraf R, Holsboer F, Wiedemann K (1997) Central and peripheral administration of atriopeptin is anxiolytic in rats. Neuroendocrinology 65 210-215... 

Khisti RT, Chopde CT, Jain SP (2000) Antidepressant-like effect of the nemosteroid 3a-hydroxy-5a-pregnan-20-one in mice forced swim test. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 67 137-143... 

O Donnell, J.M. (1993) Antidepressant-like effects of rolipram and other inhibitors of cyclic adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase on behavior maintained by differential reinforcement of low response rate. / Pharmacol Exp Tfcer 264(3) 1168-1178. 

Siuciak, J.A., Lewis, D.R., Wiegand, S.J., and Lindsay, R.M. (1996) Antidepressant-like effect of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Pharmacol Biochem Behav 56 131-137. 

Tatarczynska, E., Klodzinska, A., Chojnacka-Wojcik, E., Palucha, A., Gasparini, F., Kuhn, R., and Pile, A. (2001) Potential anxiolytic-and antidepressant-like effects of MPEP, a potent, selective and systemically active mGlu5 receptor antagonist. Br J Pharmacol 132 1423-30. 

Cervo L, Rossi C, Samanin R The role of serotonin and dopamine in brain in the antidepressant-like effect of clonidine in the forced swimming test. Neuropharmacology 31 331-335, 1992... 

Although somewhat outside the scope of this text, a non-pharmacological treatment that may become an important therapeutic tool in the future deserves to be mentioned within this outlook section. Initial clinical data indicate that depressive patients are significantly improved after TMS treatment and the procedure is very well tolerated (Berman et til., 2000 McNamara et ul.. 2001). Interestingly for preclinical research, repeated TMS in rats has also been shown to have an antidepressant-like effect (Sachdev et ul., 2002) in the forced swim test described later in this chapter. Whether or not there are psychopharmacological correlates of TMS is unknown at present. 

Papp, M.. Vassout, A., Gentseh, C. The NK-1 receptor antagonist NKP608 has an antidepressant-like effect in the chronic mild stress model of depression in rats. Behav. Brant Res. 115, 19-23, 2000. 

Sharpley, A.L., McGavm, C.L., Whale, R., et al. Antidepressant-like effect of hypericum perforatum (St John s wort) on the sleep polygram. Psvchophannacologv 139, 286-287, 1998. 

Muscat R, Papp M, Willner P. Antidepressant-like effects of dopamine agonists in an animal model of depression. Bid Psychiatry 1992 31 937-946. 

Another source of evidence supporting the neurotrophic hypothesis of depression comes from studies of the direct effects of BDNF on emotional regulation. Direct infusion of BDNF into the midbrain, hippocampus, and lateral ventricles of rodents has an antidepressant-like effect in animal models. Moreover, all known classes of antidepressants are associated with an increase in BDNF levels in animal models with chronic (but not acute) administration. This increase in BDNF levels is consistently associated with increased neurogenesis in the hippocampus in these animal models. Other interventions thought to be effective in the treatment of major depression, including electroconvulsive therapy, also appear to robustly stimulate BDNF levels and hippocampus neurogenesis in animal models. 

Raster MP, Rosa AO, Rosso MM, Goulart EC, Santos AR, Rodrigues AL (2004) Adenosine administration produces an antidepressant-like effect in mice evidence for the involvement of A1 and A2A receptors. Neurosci Lett 355 21-24... 

Kos, T., Legutko, B., Danysz, W., Samor-iski, G., and Popik, P. (2006) Enhancement of antidepressant-like effects but not brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA expression by the novel N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist neramexane in mice Behav Pharmacol 318, 1128-1136. 

Xu, Q., Yi, L. T., Pan, Y., Wang, X., Li, Y. C., et al. (2008) Antidepressant-like effects of the mixture of honokiol and magnolol from the barks of Magnolia officinalis in stressed rodents. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 32, 715-725. 

Zhao, Z., Wang, W., Guo, H. and Zhou, D. (2008) Antidepressant-like effect of liquiritin from Glycyrrhiza uralensis in chronic variable stress induced depression model rats. Behav Brain Res 194, 108-113. 

Strain-dependent antidepressant-like effects of citalopram in the mouse tail suspension test. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 183, 257-264. 

Ito, N., Nagai, T., Oikawa, T., Yamada, H. and Hanawa, T. (2008) Antidepressant-like effect of l-perillaldehyde in stress-induced depression-like model mice through regulation of the olfactory nervous system, livid Based Complement Alternat Med. 

Loftier et al. 2006). Coadministration of sulpiride and fluvoxamine, a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, increased in vivo dopamine release in the prefrontal cortex of rats (Ago et al. 2005a). The increase probably is the neurochemical counterpart of the antidepressant-like effect of coadministration of sulpiride and fluvoxamine in mice, as measured in the tail suspension test (Ago et al. 2005b). A recent clinical trial showed superior antidepressant efficacy of the combination of sulpiride plus the serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine compared with paroxetine alone and, importantly enough, an accelerated antidepressant response of the combination (Uchida et al. 2005). 

Ago Y, Harasawa T, Itoh S, Nakamura S, Baba A, Matsuda T (2005b) Antidepressant-like effect of coadministration of sulpiride and fluvoxamine in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 520 86-90 Aizman O, Brismar H, Uhlen P, Zettergren E, Levey AI, Forssberg H, Greengard P, Aperia A (2000) Anatomical and physiological evidence for Di and D2 dopamine receptor colocalization in neostriatal neurons. Nat Neurosci 3 226-30... 

In addition to the anxiolytic-like actions, EC deactivation inhibitors may also produce antidepressant-like effects (Patel and Hillard, 2006). Thus, AM404 decreased immobility time in the rat forced-swim test (Hill et al, 2005). 

Sibille E, Samyai Z, Benjamin D, Gal J, Baker H, Toth M. Antisense inhibition of 5-hydroxytryptamine2a receptor induces an antidepressant-like effect in mice. Mol Pharmacol 1997 52(6) 1056-1063. 

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