Antidepressant-like effect extract

Antidepressant Some animal models show antidepressant effects of lobelia extract (Subarnas et al. 1992). Similar to imipramine and mianserin, beta-amyrin palmitate shows antidepressant-like effects in the forced-swimming test (Subarnas et al. 1993a). Whereas mianserin and beta-amyrin palmitate reduce locomotor activity induced by methamphetamine, imipramine increases it. It potentiates sodium pentobarbital-induced sleep more potently than imipramine, but less than mianserin. Collectively, the effects of beta-amyrin palmitate in behavioral and physiological assays suggests it may work in a manner more similar to mianserin than imipramine. However, the mechanism of antidepressant-like effects of lobelia is uncertain. It may be through the beta-amyrin palmitate s ability to release norepinephrine (Subarnas et al. 1993b). An antidepressant effect of lobelia has not been established in humans. 

Studies in mice have shown a hypericum extract to increase exploration in an unfamiliar environment, prolong sedative sleep time, and antagonize the effects of reserpine. Other antidepressant-like effects are found on the water-wheel test, and chronic administration decreased aggression in socially isolated male mice (Okpanyi and Weischer 1987). 

Antidepressant-like activity of jatamansi was observed in rats orally administered 100,200, or 400 mg/kg of an ethanol extract daily for 14 days. The antidepressant activity was attributed to a reduction in whole brain MAO-A and MAO-B activities and an increase in the level of monoamines. Pretreatment of animals with a GABA-B agonist resulted in a partial inhibition of the antidepressant effect, indicating a potential effect on GABA-B receptors (Dhingra and Goyal 2008). 

Yohimbine is reported to produce nausea, salivation, irritability, elevated heart rate, and blood pressure (usd 23rd 26th). A case of yohimbine-induced skin emption, renal failure, and lupus-like syndrome has been reported. There is a possible risk of hypertension when yohimbine is administered in combination with tricyclic antidepressants. A recent stndy in mice showed that in spite of an enhancing effect of an aqueous extract of yohimbe on weight of seminal vesicles and count/motility of spermatozoa, there was an overall reduction in fertility resulting from the development of spermatozoan abnormalities and chromo-... 

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