Therapies electroconvulsive

There is, however, a unique risk in the bipolar form that antidepressant treatment may trigger a switch into mania. This may occur either as the natural outcome of recovery from depression or as a pharmacological effect of the drug. Particular antidepressants (the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) seem less liable to induce the switch into mania than other antidepressants or electroconvulsive therapy. Treatment for mania consists initially of antipsychotic medication, for instance the widely used haloperidol, often combined with other less specific sedative medication such as the benzodiazepines (lorazepam intramuscularly or diazepam orally). The manic state will usually begin to subside within hours and this improvement develops further over the next 2 weeks. If the patient remains disturbed with manic symptoms, additional treatment with a mood stabilizer may help. 

Electroconvulsive therapy may be useful in drug-refractory cases... 

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly efficacious treatment for MDD. The response rate is about 80% to 90% and even exceeds 50% for patients who have failed pharmacotherapy.16,17 ECT may be particularly beneficial for MDD that is complicated by psychotic features, severe suicidality, refusal to eat, pregnancy, or contraindication/non-response to pharmacotherapy.16,17 ECT is typically a very safe treatment alternative, but various cautions do exist, and the chief side effects are confusion and memory impairment.16... 

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the application of prescribed electrical impulses to the brain for the treatment of severe depression, mixed states, psychotic depression, and treatment-refractory mania in patients who are at high risk of suicide. It also may be used in pregnant women who cannot take carbamazepine, lithium, or divalproex. 

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used for severe mania or depression during pregnancy and for mixed episodes prior to treatment, anticonvulsants, lithium, and benzodiazepines should be tapered off to maximize therapy and minimize adverse effects. 

Electroconvulsive therapy Administration of electric current to the brain through electrodes placed on the head in order to induce seizure activity in the brain, used in the treatment of certain mental disorders. 

Treatment-resistant depression Depression characterized by multiple failed trials of antidepressants and/or electroconvulsive therapy. 

Electroconvulsive therapy A physical therapy used in the treatment of a major depressive disorder that does not respond to pharmacotherapy. 

The disorder is not caused by a medical condition (eg., hypothyroidism) or substance-induced disorder (eg., antidepressant treatment, medications, electroconvulsive therapy). 

Exercise (regular aerobic and weight training at least three times a week) / The use of electroconvulsive therapy for severe mania or mixed episodes, psychotic depression, or rapid cycling is still considered the best... 

ECT, electroconvulsive therapy MAOI, monoamine oxidase inhibitor SNRI, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, TCA, tricyclic antidepressant. 

Combining lithium with typical antipsychotics may cause neurotoxicity (e.g., delirium, cerebellar dysfunction, extrapyramidal symptoms). Lithium should be withdrawn and discontinued at least 2 days before electroconvulsive therapy. 

Shock Therapy. The early 20th century saw the development of the first effective biological treatments for depression, the shock therapies. The first shock treatments used injection of horse serum or insulin. A major advance in treatment occurred with the advent of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in 1934. Although initially used to treat schizophrenia, ECT was soon found to be highly effective for other psychiatric disorders including depression and mania. ECT remained the primary biological psychiatric treatment until the widespread release of psychiatric medications in the 1950s. 

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT). Introduced in the mid-1930s, ECT was initially used to treat schizophrenia (for which it is not effective) but was later found to be very effective in the treatment of major depression and mania. It gained widespread use and was the primary biological psychiatric treatment until the introduction of newer psychiatric medications in the 1950s. 

Finally, when depressive symptoms persist after treatment with both a mood stabilizer and an antidepressant has been maximized, other treatment alternatives remain. These include the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or the addition... 

Carney S, Cowen P, Geddes G, et al. Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2003 361(9360) 799-808. 

Shock Therapy. Insulin coma treatments were used in the early 1900s but offered no tangible improvement. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) arose in the 1930s and 1940s and was the hrst treatment to provide some relief from psychosis. However, its effects are only temporary and it proved too costly for continuous use. ECT continues to have some use for life-threatening catatonia, but it is mainly used to treat refractory depression or bipolar disorder. 

For very severe cases of depression, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can be tried. However, you must remember that demented patients are especially sensitive to the adverse memory effects of ECT. 

Repetitive TMS, unlike electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), uses sub-convulsive stimuli to treat depression. Compared to ECT, TMS has a potential to target specific brain regions and to stimulate brain areas thought to be primarily involved in depression while sparing areas like the hippocampus, thereby reducing the probability of cognitive side effects. However, the therapeutic efficacy of TMS as a treatment for depression is, unlike ECT, modest. Most TMS studies use high-frequency, fast stimulation (> 10 Hz) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, an area which has been... 

Ensuring that other drugs or treatments are not administered which may interact with the psychotropic drug under investigation (e.g. lithium, electroconvulsive therapy). 

Electroconvulsive therapy Electroconvulsive therapy with coadministration of TCAs may increase the hazards of therapy. 

Electroconvulsive therapy Avo 6 concurrent administration with electroconvulsive therapy because of the absence of experience in this area. 

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) There are no clinical studies establishing the benefit of the combined use of ECT and SSRIs. Rare prolonged seizure in patients on fluoxetine has occurred. 

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