Antibodies mechanism

Weiner GJ. Monoclonal antibody mechanisms of action in cancer. Immunol Res 2007 39(l-3) 271-8. 

Smith MR. Rituximab (monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody) mechanisms of action and resistance. Oncogene 2003 22 7359-7368. 

The adverse effects of ALG are mostly those associated with injection of a foreign protein. Local pain and erythema often occur at the injection site (type III hypersensitivity). Since the humoral antibody mechanism remains active, skin-reactive and precipitating antibodies may be formed against the foreign IgG. Similar reactions occur with monoclonal antibodies of murine origin, and reactions thought to be caused by the release of cytokines by T cells and monocytes have also been described. 

S. Stinson, Studies probe catalytic antibody mechanisms, Chem. Eng. News 1998, May 18, 44—45. 

Immune-mediated mechanisms of clozapine-induced agranulocytosis have been reviewed in the context of agranulocytosis in a 46-year-old woman (140). Immune and toxic mechanisms have also been explored in patients taking clozapine, three who developed agranulocytosis, seven who developed neutropenia, and five who were asymptomatic. There was no evidence of antineutrophil antibodies in the blood of patients shortly after an episode of clozapine-induced agranulocytosis, and an antibody mechanism... 

CPSC regulations elaborate on the statutory definition of strong sensitizer by specifically differentiating between allergic and photodynamic sensitization. According to 16 C.F.R. 1500.3(c)(5), an allergic sensitization develops by means of an antibody mechanism. A photodynamic sensitizer, by contrast, is defined as... 

Protozoan parasites can induce chronic infections in mammals, and therefore large amounts of antibody (IgM + IgG) are produced in response to infection. The external surfaces, and the antigens contained therein, are important in the control of protozoan infections and many effective/protective antibody mechanisms are directed against them. 

McKenzie H, Parratt D, White RG (1976) IgM and IgG antibody levels to ampicillin in patients with infectious mononucleosis. Clin Exp Immunol 26 214 Menninger WC (1928) Skin eruptions from phenobarbital. JAMA 91 14 Metzger H (1978) The IgE-mast cell system as a paradigm for the study of antibody mechanisms. Immunol Rev 41 186... 

The reactions elicited were of the same nature as those elicited by common allergens in sensitive subjects, suggesting that similar antibody mechanisms, yet to be sought, are probably involved. 

Four possible mechanisms for solid-state extraction (a) adsorption onto a solid substrate (b) absorption into a thin polymer or chemical film coated on a solid substrate (c) metal-ligand complexation in which the ligand is covalently bound to the solid substrate and (d) antibody-antigen binding in which the receptor is covalently bound to the solid substrate. 

Antibody diversity is generated by several different mechanisms... 

In type III or immunocomplex-mediated allergy, IgG antibodies form complexes with antigen. At low exposures, the body is able to remove diese complexes, but if there is a severe exposure, immunocomplexes release a variety of proinflammatory cytokines. The involvement of this mechanism is clearest in serum sickness. This mechanism is also considered to be most important in the development of extrinsic allergic alveolitis (hypersensitivity pneumonitis, especially... 

Wagner, J., Lerner, R. A., and Barbas, C. F., Ill, 1995. Efficient adolase catalytic antibodies that use tlie enamine mechanism of natural enzymes. Science 270 1797-1800. See also tlie discussion entitled Aldolase antibody in Science 270 1737. 

Interference with specific cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion mechanisms is another rapidly advancing approach to therapeutically interfere with angiogenesis. Antagonistic antibodies (Vitaxin) to the integrin heterodimer av 33 have been shown to act on the blood vessels of tumors but not on the resting organ vasculature. Vitaxin demonstrated some promise in Phase II clinical trials. 

A mechanism of cell-mediated immunity whereby an effector cell of the immune system actively lyses a target cell that has been bound by specific antibodies. The typical ADCC involves activation of natural killer (NR) cells and is dependent on the recognition of... 

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