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Corticosteroids anti-inflammatory properties

Corticosteroids have potent anti-inflammatory properties and are used in active IBD to rapidly suppress inflammation. Corticosteroids have favorable effects in modulating several cell types involved in the inflammatory process.20,21 They may be administered systemically or delivered locally to the site of action by altering the drug formulation (Table 16-2). Because these drugs usually improve symptoms and disease severity rapidly, they should be restricted to short-term management of active disease. Long-term use of systemic corticosteroids is... [Pg.287]

Beclometasone is a corticosteroid. Corticosteroids are used as prophylaxis in patients with asthma and therefore have no use in an acute attack. Bronchodilators acting as relievers are indicated for an acute attack. In asthma, patients are advised first to administer the bronchodilator, which acts very fast and then apply the corticosteroid, which has anti-inflammatory properties. [Pg.301]

Remington TL, Digiovine B. Long-acting beta-agonists anti-inflammatory properties and synergy with corticosteroids in asthma. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2005 11 74-78. [Pg.387]

Although steroids are effective in achieving remission of ulcerative colitis through their anti-inflammatory properties, they do not change the underlying disease process. In comparison with sulfasalazine or other aminosalicylates, corticosteroids seem to have a faster onset of action and induce remission in 2 to 4 weeks. Parenteral corticosteroids are indicated for severe ulcerative colitis. Once a response is achieved, IV corticosteroids should be converted to oral therapy. However, if there is no response from IV corticosteroids within 72 hours, surgery may be indicated. [Pg.88]

B Methylprednisolone. Given the patient s electrolyte abnormalities, all of the other corticosteroid options would be ruled out since they have mineralocorticoid effects that may make this patient s electrolyte abnormalities worse. Methylprednisolone has anti-inflammatory properties and no mineralocorticoid activity. [Pg.172]

For patients who are hospitalized and present with electrolyte abnormalities, corticosteroids with high anti-inflammatory properties and minimal mineralocorticoid activity are preferred. [Pg.172]

It has long been known that THC possesses potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the biochemical bases for these effects was not well understood. Although it has been suggested that the THC-induced elevation of plasma corticosteroids was responsible, the experimental support for this hyopthesis is inconclusive (Sophia, R. D., Nalepa, S. D., Harakal, J. J. and Vassar, H. B., J. Pharma. Exper Then 186 646-655, and 1973). It has also been shown, in a variety of models that Al-THC-7-oic-acid can be a potent inhibitor of the prostaglandin synthetase system (Burstein, S., Hunter, S. A., Lathan, V. and Renzulli, L., Biochem. Pharmac. 35 2553-2558,1986). [Pg.92]

In the search for non-steroidal substances that might possess anti-inflammatory properties like those of corticosteroids, Stucki and Thompson investigated derivatives of chlorotrianisene, a substance known to possess the... [Pg.110]

Uses topical corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory properties marker for topical corticosteroid allergy A... [Pg.1218]

Some macrohdes have been found to have anti-inflammatory properties and are being used in airway diseases such as panbronchioUtis, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, and asthma. The treatment of OP with erythromycin or clarithromycin has been reported in small series (121—124). After three months of therapy, full or partial remission was achieved in most patients, whereas others required addition of prednisone for disease control. Although their effect appears slower and less constant than with corticosteroids, macrolides might become a therapeutic option in OP, either alone or associated with corticosteroids. This issue requires further studies. [Pg.516]

Corticosteroids are effective through their anti-inflammatory properties and the more acute the exacerbation, the more they are of benefit. There is general agreement that short course of corticosteroids increases the rate of recovery from acute exacerbations (8-10). They may be started intravenously, if necessary, and then continued orally as soon as the patient is able to swallow safely. A short course of corticosteroids may also be of benefit in chronically obstructed COPD patients. The optimum duration is not known, although 10-14 days of therapy is commonly prescribed. Dosage is usually tapered over this time, the exact schedule varying with the clinician s experience and practice location. [Pg.296]

Theophylline is also considered an alternative to inhaled corticosteroids for the treatment of mild persistent asthma however, limited efficacy compared to inhaled corticosteroids, a narrow therapeutic index with life-threatening toxicity, and multiple clinically important drug interactions have severely limited its use. Theophylline causes bronchodilation through inhibition of phosphodiesterase and antagonism of adenosine and appears to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties as well.36... [Pg.223]

Corticosteroids do not heal illnesses, but they are widely used in various conditions when it is necessary to utilize their anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressant, and mineralo-corticoid properties. In addition, they are used in replacement therapy for patients who have adrenal insufficiency. Corticosteroids can be used in vital situations for asthma, severe allergic reactions, and transplant rejections. They are effective in noninfectious granulomatous diseases such as sarcoidosis, collagen vascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and leukemia. Steroids are used as lotions, ointments, etc. in treating a number of dermatological and ophthalmologic diseases. [Pg.350]

Mechanism of Action Topical corticosteroids exhibit anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and vasoconstrictive properties. Clinically, these actions correspond to decreased edema, erythema, pruritus, plaque formation, and scaling of the affected skin. Pharmacokinetics Approximately 3% is absorbed during an 8-hr period. Metabolized in the liver. Excreted in the urine. [Pg.26]

Mechanism of Action A topical corticosteroid that has anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and vasoconstrictive properties. The exact mechanism of the anti-inflammatory process is unclear. Therapeutic Effect Reduces or prevents tissue response to the inflammatory process. [Pg.341]

The glucocorticoids also have powerful anti-inflammatory effects and when first introduced were considered to be the ultimate answer to the treatment of inflammatory arthritis. Although there are increasing data that low-dose corticosteroids have disease-modifying properties,... [Pg.796]

Thus, in patients with Addison s disease or other forms of adrenal insufficiency, continuing oral administration of cortisone acetate or fludrocortisone acetate enables salt balance to be restored. Other corticosteriods and analogues that have been used in the hormonal control of sodium levels include aldosterone and deoxycortone acetate. Individual corticosteroids vary in the extent to which they possess the various hormonal activities so that combination therapy is usually required if, for example, mineral balances are to be maintained when corticosteroids are administered for their anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic or anti-allergic properties. [Pg.186]

A possible explanation for the anti-inflammatory action of cortisol based on the prevention of release of plasma kinins has been published. A number of 8-dehydro analogs of corticosteroids have been synthesized and their thymolytic and salt retaining properties measured. The compound found to have the highest thymolytic activity was 1 (11.4 x hydrocortisone). Again the fallacy of projecting biological activity from one series of steroids to another was demonstrated by the large decrease in activity exhibited by the 8-dehydro steroid 2 as compared with 16a-methylprednisolone (3). [Pg.208]

The mechanism of action of cytokines and drugs that modulate acute inflammation likely involves effecting neutrophil-derived chemokines. IL-13, IL-10, and IL-4, cytokines knovm to have potent immunomodulatory properties, exert some of their biological effects at the level of neutrophil activation by downregulating the release of neutrophil-derived chemokines [81, 82], In addition, anti-inflammatory compounds, such as corticosteroids, suppress CXCL8 production in neutrophils [70], supporting the idea that neutrophil-derived chemokines play an important role in the development of inflammation. [Pg.90]

The vasoconstrictive property of corticoids may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects. The mechanisms by which topical corticoids cause vasoconstriction remains unclear but is thought to be related to their inhibition of natural vasodilators, histamine, bradykinins, and prostaglandins [2, 46]. Some have suggested that corticosteroids potentiate norepinephrine [34], while others suggest that corticoids cause the release of norepinephrine [81]. Corticoids are thought to also have a direct effect on vascular endothelial cells. [Pg.405]

Betamethasone, (8S,9/ ,10S,llS,13S,14S,16S,17/ )-9-fluoro-ll,17-dihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13,16-trimethyl-6,7,8,9,10,ll,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-3H-cyclopenta[fl]phenanthren-3-one, is a potent corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. The TLC method was used to separate the photodegradation products of betamethasone and betamethasone 17-valerate [6] (Figure 14.2). [Pg.235]

Oral corticosteroids have many properties which may be beneficial in acute and chronic pain relief. They are principally anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressant agents that are derived from adrenal steroids and have primarily glucocorticoid activity with limited or no mineralocorticoid activity. [Pg.388]

In addition to these anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities of pain control, oral corticosteroids have several other properties that make them useful as multipurpose adjuvant analgesics, especially in patients with pain associated with chronic disease or cancer. The mechanisms of these effects are less well worked out but corticosteroids also stimulate the erythroid cells of bone marrow and prolong the survival time of erythrocytes and platelets. They promote gluconeogenesis and protein catabolism. They reduce chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and alleviate dyspnea, effusion... [Pg.388]

Additional evidence for a corticosteroid effect In an allergic respiratory disease was furnished by a study"" In 52 asthmatic patients, showing an Inverse relationship between severity of asthma and steroid reserves In the adrenal cortex. In view of the prominent anti-Inflammatory action of the corticosteroids. It has been proposed that the steroids act only on the Inflammatory components of bronchial obstruction."" However, recent animal studies Indicate other mechanisms may be Involved in the bronchodilator effects of corticosteroids. Carrillo and Aviado"" determined the effects of hydrocortisone and dexamethasone on the histamine content and the mechanical properties of the lungs, in both sensitized and non-sensltlzed rabbits, and concluded that the steroids Induce broncho-dllatlon both by depletion of lung histamine and by direct bronchlolar smooth muscle relaxant action. [Pg.73]


See other pages where Corticosteroids anti-inflammatory properties is mentioned: [Pg.425]    [Pg.169]    [Pg.306]    [Pg.121]    [Pg.96]    [Pg.444]    [Pg.4120]    [Pg.213]    [Pg.105]    [Pg.5]    [Pg.222]    [Pg.268]    [Pg.139]    [Pg.665]    [Pg.1330]    [Pg.1337]    [Pg.39]    [Pg.387]    [Pg.383]    [Pg.28]    [Pg.28]   


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