Mineral balance

Vitamin D is the name given to a group of fat-soluble compounds essential for maintaining the mineral balance of the body. Vitamin D is also known as... 

It is further interesting to observe that the behavior of a system approaching a thermodynamic equilibrium differs little from one approaching a steady state. According to the kinetic interpretation of equilibrium, as discussed in Chapter 16, a mineral is saturated in a fluid when it precipitates and dissolves at equal rates. At a steady state, similarly, the net rate at which a component is consumed by the precipitation reactions of two or more minerals balances with the net rate at which it is produced by the minerals dissolution reactions. Thermodynamic equilibrium viewed from the perspective of kinetic theory, therefore, is a special case of the steady state. 

Kelsay and co-workers (27,28) observed no effects on iron balance of including 24g/day of NDF from fruits and vegetables however, negative zinc and copper balances were observed. In a second study (29), lower zinc, but not copper, balances were observed at intakes of 25g NDF/day lower intakes (10, 18g NDF) had no effect. In these studies, the effects of oxalates (from spinach) may have affected mineral balances. In a third study, a combination of consuming spinach every other day plus a daily fiber intake of 26g NDF resulted in increased fecal zinc excretion and negative balances (22) ... 

Abnormal mineral balance in low-dose diet normal calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus balance in 2.7 mg/kg supplement (28)... 

Phelan, P.L. 1997. Soil-management history and the role of plant mineral balance as a determinant of maize susceptibility to the European corn borer. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 15 25-34. 

Thus, in patients with Addison s disease or other forms of adrenal insufficiency, continuing oral administration of cortisone acetate or fludrocortisone acetate enables salt balance to be restored. Other corticosteriods and analogues that have been used in the hormonal control of sodium levels include aldosterone and deoxycortone acetate. Individual corticosteroids vary in the extent to which they possess the various hormonal activities so that combination therapy is usually required if, for example, mineral balances are to be maintained when corticosteroids are administered for their anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic or anti-allergic properties. 

Figure 7.35. Schematic diagram of mineral balance versus diagenetic time for vadose and phreatic meteoric alteration of Bermudian limestones. These trends are mainly based on stratigraphic analysis and hand specimen petrography and geochemistry. (After Land et al., 1967.)...

Electrolyte balance Mineral balance Metal metabolism Acid-base balance Fluid balance Hematologic Mouth Teeth... 

Three studies were carried out in our laboratory in cooperation with the Food, Nutrition, and Institution Administration Department of the University of Maryland. The purpose of these studies was to determine mineral balances in adult human subjects when fiber in fruits and vegetables was added to the diet. Zinc was one of the minerals determined. The effects of the diet containing fiber were compared with those of a low fiber diet in which fruit and vegetable juices replaced the fruits and vegetables. In the first study, spinach was included in the diet containing fiber in fruits and vegetables. In the second study, cauliflower, which is low in oxalic acid, replaced the spinach. 

Study 3. Because of the conflicting results of the first two studies with regard to mineral balances, we carried out a third study to investigate the separate and combined effects of fiber and oxalic acid, as well as length of study period on mineral balances. 

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