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Amoxycillin combinations

Staniforth DH, Lillystone RJ, Jackson D. Effect of food on die bioavailability and tolerance of clavulanic acid/amoxycillin combination. J Antimicrob Chemotiier (19 2) 10,131-9. [Pg.324]

Broad spectrum therapy is started on an empirical basis. Intra-abdominal infections can be treated by ampicillin (or amoxycillin) or clindamycin combined with aminoglycosides, penicillin-beta-lacta-mase inhibitors such as amoxycillin-clavulanic acid or a second or third generation cephalosporin combined with metronidazole are good alternatives. In patients with impaired immunity and/or prior use of antibiotics, i.e. when it is reasonable to expect resistant pathogens, a broad spectrum penicillin plus beta-lactamase inhibitor or a carbapenem can be used empirically in monotherapy. In septic patients, the rapidly bactericidal action of aminoglycosides is useful. Aminoglycosides should preferentially not be given for more than 3-5 days. [Pg.540]

Amoxycillin is also used in combination with clavulanate potassium. The formulation of amoxycillin with clavulanic acid protects amoxycillin from degradation by beta lactamase enzymes and effectively extends the antibiotic spectrum of amoxycillin to include P lactamase producing bacteria normally resistant to amoxycillin and other betalactam antibiotics. [Pg.320]

For the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulceration, omeprazole may be combined with antibacterials in dual or triple therapy. Effective triple therapy regimens include omeprazole 20 mg twice daily combined with amoxycillin 500 mg and metronidazole 400 mg, both three times daily clarithromycin 500 mg and metronidazole 40 mg (or tinidazole 500 mg) both twice daily or with amoxycillin 1 g and clarithromycin 500 mg both twice daily. These regimens are given for 1 week. Dual therapy regimens, such as omeprazole 40 mg daily with either amoxycillin 750 mg to 1 g twice daily or clarithromycin 500 mg three times daily, are less effective and must be given for 2 weeks. Omeprazole alone may be continued for a further 4r-8 weeks [1]. [Pg.154]

In E.coli, resistance to all /1-lactams except cephamycins (40) and carba-penems (37) may be caused by extended-spectrum /1-lactamases [183]. These enzymes are, however, sensitive to clavulanic acid and strains producing these /1-lactamases are often, but not always, sensitive to /l-lactam-/ -lactam-ase inhibitor combinations [183], In contrast, inhibitor-resistant TEM /1-lactamases that are resistant to amoxycillin (41)-clavulanic acid combinations have also been described in E. coli [184]. [Pg.164]

Clavulanic acid (80), isolated from Strepto-myces clavuligeruSy is similar in structure to the penicillins, except oxygen replaces sulfur in the five-membered ring (123). Clavulanic acid has weak antibacterial activity, but is a potent inhibitor of p-lactamases (124). A mixture of clavulanic acid and the j8-lactamase-sensitive amoxycillin was introduced in 1981 as Augmentin and has proved to be an effective combination to combat jS-lactamase-pro-ducing bacteria (125). In 2001,20 years after its launch, Augmentin is the best-selling antibacterial worldwide. [Pg.869]

Table 6.3. yS-LACTAMASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY AND SYNERGISTIC ACTIVITY OF CLAVULANIC ACID IN COMBINATION WITH AMOXYCILLIN [35, 36]... [Pg.309]

The in vivo activity of a combination of clavulanic acid and amoxycillin is shown in Table 6.4 [30]. This -lactamase inhibitory activity, together with useful pharmacokinetic properties, has resulted in the development of Augmentin (potassium clavulanate in combination with amoxycillin) for oral and parenteral use and Timentin (potassium clavulanate plus ticarcillin) for parenteral use, against a wide range of bacterial infections. ... [Pg.310]

Table 6.4. IN VIVO SYNERGISTIC ACTIVITY OF AMOXYCILLIN IN COMBINATION WITH CLAVULANIC ACID [30]... Table 6.4. IN VIVO SYNERGISTIC ACTIVITY OF AMOXYCILLIN IN COMBINATION WITH CLAVULANIC ACID [30]...
Like clavulanic acid, sulbactam possesses only weak antibacterial activity but displays synergistic activity in combination with many penicillins and cephalosporins. Comparative synergistic activity of sulbactam and other y5-lactamase inhibitors, in combination with ampicillin and amoxycillin, is presented in later sections. [Pg.315]

In combination with amoxycillin, potent synergistic activity is seen... [Pg.336]

Table 6.16. EFFICACY OF AMOXYCILLIN ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH yS-LACTAMASE INHIBITORS [93]... Table 6.16. EFFICACY OF AMOXYCILLIN ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH yS-LACTAMASE INHIBITORS [93]...
Clavulanic acid is manufactured by SmithKline Beecham and is sold as oral and parenteral products in combination with amoxycillin under the trade name of Augmentin, and as an injectable product in combination with ticarcillin under the trade name of Timentin. Augmentin is prescribed for infections of the respiratory tract such as bronchitis, and ear, nose and throat infections such as otitis media and sinusitis. It is also indicated for infections of the urinary tract, such as gonorrhoea, and skin and soft tissue infections, which include cellulitis, impetigo and abscesses. Timentin meanwhile is used for the treatment of severe infections in hospitalised patients with impaired or suppressed host defences. [Pg.344]

The discovery of clavulanic acid in 1976 heralded a new era in antibacterial chemotherapy. The enormous success of Augmentin (amoxycillin in combination with clavulanic acid) for the treatment of infections caused by /5-lactamase producing bacteria has established that /5-lactamase inhibitors have an important role to play in solving the problem of bacterial resistance. The widespread interest and enthusiasm created by the discovery of clavulanic acid has culminated in the development of two additional /5-lactamase inhibitors, namely, sulbactam and tazobactam. [Pg.345]

Larrey D, Vial T, Micaleff A, Babany G, Morichau-Beauchant M, Michel H, Benhamou JP. Hepatitis associated with amoxycillin-clavulanic acid combination report of 15 cases. Gut 1992 33(3) 368-71. [Pg.505]

Lamouliatte H, Samoyeau R, De Mascarel A, Megraud F. Double vs. single dose of pantoprazole in combination with clarithromycin and amoxycillin for 7 days, in eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999 13(ll) 1523-30. [Pg.2192]

Continuing use of the third-generation cephalosporins and the introduction of p-lactamase inhibitor combinations (clavulanate with amoxycillin or ticarcillin, sulbactam with ampicillin, and tazobactam with piperacillin see section 4.2) resulted in the appearance of plasmids encoding class C P-lactamases. After several unconfirmed reports, the first proof that a class C P-lactamase had been captured on a plasmid came in 1990 when transmissible resistance to a-methoxy and oxyimino-P-lactams was shown to be mediated by an enzyme whose gene was 90% identical to the ampC gene of E. cloacae. They have subsequently been found worldwide. Strains with plasmid-mediated AmpC enzymes are typically resistant to aminopenicillins (ampicillin or amoxycillin), carboxypenicillins (carbenicillin or ticarcillin) and ureidopenicillins (piperacillin). The enzymes also provide resistance to the oxyimino cephalosporins (ceftazidime, cefo-... [Pg.222]

Plasmid-mediated resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins ((3-lactam antibiotics) is due to the formation of (3-lactamase enzymes by Staphylococcus aureus or enteric Gram-negative rods. Some (3-lactamases can be firmly bound by compounds such as clavulanic acid (combined with amoxycillin or ticar-cillin) and sulbactam (combined with ampicillin) and can thus be prevented from attacking hydrolysable penicillins. Gram-positive bacteria, apart from staphylococci, generally lack the ability to acquire R plasmids. [Pg.216]

In mild-to-moderate infections, oral drug administration may be used for maintenance therapy with aminobenzyl penicillins (ampicillin or amoxycillin in dogs and cats pivampicillin in foals), cefadroxil, trimethoprim-sulphona-mide combinations, and enrofloxacin (in calves and piglets). Fluconazole suppresses oral and oesophageal candidiasis in immunosuppressed foals and may be effective in the treatment of systemic candidiasis. [Pg.263]

Streptomyces clavuligerus. This was essentially devoid of antibacterial activity but was a very effective inhibitor of beta-lactamases produced by a wide variety of bacteria. Some idea of the excitement these results caused can be seen from Beecham s data for the minimum inhibitory dose of ampicillin needed for a typical resistant staphylococcus without clavulanic acid (500 fig ml-1) and with clavulanic acid (less than 0.4 fig ml-1)- Five years later, they were able to demonstrate that the combination of the broad-spectrum penicillin - amoxycillin - with clavulanic acid was very effective in clinical use. This combination was marketed as Augmentin and soon became one of the best-selling drugs in the world market. [Pg.58]

De Baere S, Cherlet M, Baert K, De Backer P, Quantitative analysis of amoxycillin and its major metabolites in animal tissues by liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, Anal. Chem. 2002 74 1393-1401. [Pg.105]

In the 1970s and the 1980s, the pathways to the penicillins and the cephalosporins including cephamycin C were worked out especially after cell-free systems became available [59]. Late in the 1970s came reports on the production of P-lactam antibiotics which were neither penicillins nor cephalosporins. The most important was clavulanic acid from streptomycetes, which possessed only weak antibiotic activity but was an excellent inhibitor of P-lactamase [60]. It became a blockbuster compound by being coformulated with broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillins which are susceptible to P-lactamase, for example, with amoxycillin, the combination is known as Augmentin. [Pg.122]


See other pages where Amoxycillin combinations is mentioned: [Pg.14]    [Pg.83]    [Pg.100]    [Pg.52]    [Pg.126]    [Pg.47]    [Pg.310]    [Pg.330]    [Pg.337]    [Pg.338]    [Pg.161]    [Pg.207]    [Pg.15]    [Pg.78]    [Pg.81]    [Pg.161]    [Pg.64]    [Pg.197]    [Pg.224]    [Pg.243]    [Pg.247]    [Pg.248]    [Pg.261]    [Pg.51]    [Pg.79]    [Pg.14]    [Pg.83]    [Pg.141]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.243 ]




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Amoxycillin

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